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EXTRACTS 
FROM LETTERS AVRITTEN AT THE TIME 

OF THE 

OCCUPATION OF BOSTON 

BY THE 

BRITISH, 1775-6/ 



COMMUNICATED Bi' WM. P. UPHAM. 



The evacuation of Boston by the British forces under 
Sir William Howe on the seventeenth of March, 1776, 
released the inhabitants of that town from the terrors, 
anxieties, and privations, of a siege the most memorable 
in the history of our countr3^ On the seventeenth of 
March, 1876, a full century is completed during which 
the State of Massachusetts, within its present limits, 
has been free 'from foreign occupation or invasion. It 
becomes us, who have so long enjoyed the blessings of 
peace and prosperity, to consider at such a time the ter- 
rible suflerings which the patriots of that day were called 
upon to endure, and the sacrifices which they so willingly 
and heroically made for the cause of Liberty. 

The shutting up the port of Boston by the Boston Port 

iRead at a Meeting of tlie Essex Institute, 3rarcli 0, 1S76. 
11 (153) 



154 

Bill, June 1, 1774, produced the greatest suffcriiiir and 
distress, and aroused the intensest indignation throiigiiout 
the whole country. Absolute submission to all the min- 
isterial demands was the only method by which this suf- 
fering could be peaceably averted, but as such submission 
was impossible, it was felt that the evils of war were 
imminent, and the people of Boston and the surround- 
ing towns prepared themselves for the emergency with a 
resolute spirit, accompanied by gloomy forebodings, ap-^ 
parent in the correspondence and journals of the time. 

In the language of the Convention at Concord, Auij. 
30, 1774, "these late Acts, if quietly submitted to, will 
annihilate the last vestiges of liberty in this Province." 
"Our fathers left a fair inheritance to us, purchased by a 
waste of blood and treasure ; this we are resolved to 
transmit equally fair to our children after us ; no danger 
shall affright, no difficulties intimidate us ; and if in sup- 
port of our rights we are called to encounter even death, 
we are yet undaunted, sensible that he can never die too 
soon, who lays down his life in support of the laws and 
liberties of his country." - 

On the nineteenth of April, 1775, all intercourse be- 
tween the people of Boston and the country was cut off 
by order of Gen. Gage, but on the twenty-second an 
agreement was made that the inhal)itants might, upon 
surrendering their arms, "leave the town with their fami- 
lies and effects, and those who remained might depend 
upon the protection of the governor." Gage, however, 
fearing that if all the patriots left the town the besieging 
forces W'Ould burn it, violated this agreement, and at first 
obstructed such removals, and finally denied passes, or so 
framed them that families would have to be separated and 

2 See American Archives, Fourth Series, Vol. I, pp. 751-2; also Frothingham's 
Siege of Boston, p. 12. 



155 

property left behind.^ Even when removals were allowed 
the closest scrutiny was used to prevent any kind of pro- 
vision or merchandize being carried away.* All letters 
were opened and read, and upon the slightest pretext 
persons who were in any way obnoxious, or from whom 
it was hoped information might be extorted, were seized 
and imprisoned in jails or dungeons, where they received 
the most unfeeling and barbarous usage. 

The general history of that most interesting period of 
the Revolution has been fully written by Frothingham 
and others, and antiquarian research has added much to 
our knowledge concerning its principal characters and 
events ; but whoever desires to appreciate most truly the 
spirit which actuated the people and the constant anxie- 
ties and trials they suffered, will still find much to inter- 
est him in private or business letters, in journals and 
other unpublished documents. 

In a large collection of family papers, in the possession 
of the writer, are many letters written at that time to 
Oliver Wendell. He was residing Jan. 1, 1775, on the 
corner of School street in Boston, opposite the King's 
Chapel. About the first of April of that year, being an 
invalid and for many years disabled by lameness, he went 
with his family to visit his brother-in-law Jonathan Jack- 
son, in Newburyport, and soon after removed to Kingston, 
N. H., where he remained till after the evacuation of 
Boston. In an account of him in the first volume of the 
N. E. Historical and Genealogical Register, page 186, 
it is stated that he was "in the consultation of the early 
patriots of the American Revolution and contributed to 
the acquisition and maintenance of the liberty and inde- 
pendence of the Commonwealth and country." He was 

3 See Lossing, Field Book of the Am. Rev., Vol. I, p. 535. 



156 

for some time one of the Selectmen of Boston, often a 
member of the Senate and of the Council under the Con- 
stitution, and was for many years Judge of Probate for 
the County of Suffolk. President Quincy says of him, 
"In all the relations of life, as a man, citizen, and magis- 
trate, Judge Wendell was distinguished for uncommon 
urbanity of manners, and unimpeached integrity of con- 
duct. During the course of a long life he had been suc- 
cessively called to fill many high and responsible offices. 
The punctuality and precision with which he fulfilled all 
the duties connected with them were highly exemplary." 
(See the account above referred to.) He was born jSlarch 
5, 1733 [N. S.], and was the son of Jacob Wendell, a 
distinouished merchant of Boston in Provincial times. 
His mother was Sarah Oliver, great-granddaughter of 
Gov. Simon Bradstreet. Oliver Wendell married Mary, 
daughter of Edward and Dorothy (Quincy) Jackson, and 
sister of Jonathan Jackson above named. 

The two following letters to Oliver Wendell were 
written by John Scollay and John Pitts, his associates on 
the Board of Selectmen. 

Boston, May 16th, 1775. 
Dear Sir : 

Your Sympathizing heart I know must be deeply 
afiected for the distresses of this Poor devoted Town but 
uo representation can figure to you our real situation it is 
too painfull to attempt to discribe it, therefore must drop 
it. The Selectmen have for some time past had a great 
deal to do, but what gives us Satisfaction amidst our 
great pains & Labour is that our doings are Satisfactory 
to all parties. The affair of delivering up the Arms & 
of the Inhabitants removal has given us great trouble 
& we are but weak handed. There is none of us left but 
Deacon Newell, Col.'' Marshall, M.*' Austin & myself. 
We are determined not to Leave the town but to con- 



157 

tinne in onr Station. Indeed if we were so disposed the 
Governor I don't think wonld be willing we should ; he 
professes great Confidence in the Selectmen. I have Sub 
Rosa heard by the second hand that it would be very 
jDleasing to him were you to Come to town. I have heard 
Several times lately that that was your Intention, if you 
have any thought of such a thing I apprehend you may 
make such terms for your Safety & Comfort as may be 
agreeable to you. Please to favour me with a Line. I 
am with great regard 

S.'' your most H^'*^ Serv.* 

John Scollay 
(Endorsed by O. W.) 

Boston May 16, 1775 John Scollay Esq.'' Letter. 



Watertown July IS^^^ 1775. 
Dear Sir : 

Agreeable to your desire I now acquaint you that 
in consequence of the Congress making an addition to 
their resolve respecting the poor of y*^ town of Boston, 
M.'' Greenleaf who is near can certify who are such poor 
better than You & I, as from y® nature of his oifice he 
must know them personally, so that I apprehend we shall 
be sufficient without putting yon to y*' trouble of attend- 
ing for that purpose. But if your health would have 
admitted of it your Company wo*^ have been very agree- 
able & we sho*^ have expected assistance & advice in the 
unhappy state of our oppressed & now bleeding Country. 

Our Friends are all well here & those of our Brethren, 
the Selectmen, in Boston. They have a few days past 
communicated to Congress the desire of that perfidious 
& inhuman Gage that y® poor of the town of Boston ma}' 
be received into the Country. 

He had no particular return I understand but in gen- 
eral that Ave were ready to receive such of the inhabitants 
who sho*^ come out, & that if he was desirous of being 
releaved of the poor they hoped he w'ould comply with 
his agreement with the town that all who inclined, after 
performing what was stipulated, w.*^'' they religiously did, 



158 

might come out. It is said this desire to take y® poor is 
in consequence of his being short of provisions w.*^'' hope 
is the case. I have nothing worthy of notice to commu- 
nicate to you except that our Army are in good health & 
fine spirits ; the hite conflict at Charlestown I doubt not 
will have more happy effects than at first view could be 
expected. For our men had become almost impetuous, 
& there was reason to fear some unexpected stroke when 
least expected by our men might make very unhappy im- 
pressions, whereas now they have had a check sufficient 
to make them cautious only & not to abate of that noble 
fervor w.*'^ has generally prevail'd. So that at present 
we have a good prospect, more especially as I find Gen- 
eral Washington has received advice from Boston that 
has occasioned him to counter-order his desire of raising 
more troops av*^*^ a few days past he thought there was 
necessity of. This I mention in confidence. AVe have 
information w*^'' believe to be true that the Rebels* in 
Boston are sickly & distressed for want of provisions. 
What with this & the severe dressing they had at Bunkers 
hill perhaps they will be more careful in future how they 
attack us. 

I have insensibly fiU'd up more paper than I at first 
intended being very busy at y^ oflice & not time for recol- 
lection w*^^ must be an excuse for all incorrectness. 

May the happy time come speedily when we may re- 
turn to our native town in the enjoyment of peace & 
happiness ; but if we must fight it out first I see no rea- 
son to despond. I expect to share the fate of my Coun- 
try & shall endeavour to possess a state of mind for 
whatever may be y*^ event 

I am affectionately &c. 

John Pitts. 

(Endorsed by O. W.) 

Watertown July 

M.'' John Pitts Letter. 

In a letter to Mrs. Wendell from her cousin Hannah 

iTlie British forces. 



159 

Lincoln,^ June 9, 1775, are the following references to 
the troubles of the time : 

The pleasure I received to-day in finding your brother® 
at Papa's on my return from meeting is more safely con- 
ceived than expressed : therefore I shall only say that I 
was very glad & proceed to let 3'ou know that I could 
feel at the relation of your flight almost as much as if 
I had been with you, for we here have experienced so 
many alarms as to make us know how to sympathize with 
such of our Bretheren as are under similar circumstances. 
Your Brother has just said this is but the dawning of 
sorrows — if he is not mistaken (tho' 1 sincerely wish he 
may be) what calamities have we yet to dreads What 
can Great Britain do more to distress us ? Can they have 
sharper [quivers] to goad us with than what we have 
already felt? How, without permission from above can 
they proceed to afflict us more ?***** 

What a revolution in a few months ! I dare not think 
of what has been ; then how shall I endure more? I want 
to write all that has happened since the 19*'' of April in 
our little Circle, but time won't allow ; therefore I shall 
only remind you of the advice given by our favorite 
Young, not to abandon fortitude ; it must be our support 
let our trials be ever so severe. 

Mrs. Margaret Phillips, wife of William Phillips and 
mother of John Phillips, the first mayor of Boston, writes 
to her brother Oliver Wendell, from Watertown, June 
21, 1775, four days after the battle of Bunker Hill, a 
letter which shows the energy characteristic of the women 
of the time. 

Dear Brother, 

We have been in great trouble for this week 
past. On Friday last M.*" Apleton & wife with his 

^Hannali Lincoln was Uie daughter of Josiah Quincy, brother of Dorothy (Quin- 
cy) Jacksou the mother of Mrs. Wendell. 
" Jonathan Jackson. 



160 

Brother brought up Doc* Apleton^ to tarry till the begin- 
ning of this week when M/ Apleton was to return 
& carry him to Antlover. He accorclingl}- returned a 
Wednesday but the doctor is so low that he cannot l)e 
removed. On Saturday we had an alarm & on Saboth 
morning Sister Wendell'^ tho't it best to go further oflf, 
but 1 could not think of leaving Doc* Apleton & Sister 
Hunt. The children beg'd hard to go away. I at length 
consented to go with sister Wendell to Weston,^ where I 
left her with Sarah & the children at Baldwin's & re- 
turned home at night alone ; but on Monday (as Sister 
Wendell intended to go further to the Westward & the 
children were at a Tavern) I thought best to bring them 
back. ,We are in constant fear of some alarm. I have 
had a very kind invitation from Springfield both from Coll. 
Worthington & M.'"^ Dwight, another from Coll. Porter 
to Hadley. Sister Wendell has returned but intends to 
go westward. I am greatly Perplexed haveing Doc* 
Apleton so low & Sister Hunt to take care of in addition 
to Seven that I must take care of which is more than I 
am able to do. * * * * 

During a journey to the South in the previous fall and 
winter Jonathan Jackson wrote many letters to Oliver 
Wendell, from which I take the following extracts. He 
writes from Bowdoin's Ferr}^, Virginia, Dec. 15, 1774, 
that he had been a fortnight in reaching that place from 
Philadelphia, 300 miles. 

"Pomp is in good health & behaves very well & my 
horses as yet hold out pretty well., tho' hwy is not to be 
met with here. They have had none for 150 miles back 
& I expect not to meet with any again, till the Spring, 
Avhen I have got back into Maryland ; the Western shore 
their feed is Corn-Blades & Oats. As for Politicks, or 
rather what is going on in 3^our northern AVorld, I have 

'Tliis was the Rev. Nathaniel Appleton, D. D., for sixty-six years minister of 
the First Clmrcli at Cambridge. He was born at Ipswicli, Dec. !), I(i93. 

« Catherine (Brattle) Wendejl, wife of Jolm Mice VVenclell, a brother of Oliver. 
» About six miles west of Watertown. 



161 

not heard any thing for a long while : every Body in this 
country is solicitous to know in what situation you are, 
&, whether like to hold out ; thro'out this shore of Mary- 
laud & Virginia, they appear very hearty in the Cause. 
* * * * I have been very genteelly treated from 
place to place by the Gent." on this Shore, who handed 
me from one to t'other generally by letter. The gentle- 
man who keeps this Ferry is a kinsman of Mr. Bowdoin's 
of Boston & served his time with Sam' Hughes (the hard 
& sharp) he fondly enquired after your M.*' Appleton & 
the two Amorys his quondam Associates. * * * I 
lodge at a public ho. on his Plantation which he set up to 
accomodate strangers." 



Charlestowni" 24.''' Jan'' 1775. 
My dear Friend 

I have the pleasure to date from this place 
which I reached two days ago. * * * * i^^y horses 
are mere skeletons. I long to hear in what situation }'ou 
all are, from many flying Reports," I fear something of 
the violent kind has or is nearly taking place with you. 
May God preserve you all in Peace. My coVardly heart 
sometimes tells me I am better away ; I)ut I often wish 
eagerly to be among you, that I may know & see the 
worst. It would give me great pleasure if all the Tory 
Gentry with you had pas'sed the Extent of Country I have 
this AVinter, to have seen how staunch & fixed all kinds 
of People are to the American Cause. Even Custom 
House officers this way don't hesitate to scan the Minis- 
ter's measures & condemn him. If you once draw the 
sword in good earnest (w.'''' Heaven avert) may you not 
stop till you have compleated a Disbandry of all the Sol- 
diers, to people the Country ; & I would advise re-ship- 
ping all the Officers in one Bottom to their native Coun- 
try, upon their Paroles of honour never to return here 
again upon a like Errand. * * * * 

I am with great Regard your affectionate Brother 

J. Jackson. , 

loCliai-leston, S.€. 



162 

In a letter to Mrs. Wendell of the same date he says 
he fears matters are gathering to a crisis at Boston, and 
asks her to make Newbury her "refuge." 

His son Edward Jackson writes at his father's request 
from 

Newburyport, April [16'i' ?] 1775. 
Sunday Evening. 
Dear Uncle : 

I write you at my Father's desire, as he is so 
much taken up with public atiairs that he can't find time 
to do that nor scarcely anything else. He says that he 
will send you furniture for two rooms p. "■ first opportunity. 
My mama & children are going to Exeter to-morrow, 
they would have gone to-day had it been fair weather. 
I had not time to tell you anything you went off so soon 
after I got here a Friday. I came out of Boston a 
Wednesday morning with hopes to get a passage to Salem 
in the Stage, but it did not go neither cou'd I get a horse 
in the Town; however I got to Salem with walking part 
of the way. I left Mrs. Phillips well that morning; her 
Children were at Cambridge ; she was in as good spirits 
as cou'd be expected, as was Lydia also. I did not bring 
any of my Aunt's things, I was in such a hurry lest the 
stage should go. M}^ reason for'sta3dng at Salem so long 
was because M."^ Appleton wanted the horse & chaise. 
This Town have chose a Committee of two to meet the 
Committee from Salem and other Sea Ports, to determine 
what is best to be done concerning them in this critical 
Situation. We have no late Intelligence from the army. 
Marshfiold is certainly burnt as we see it from our house, 
but by which party is uncertain. We are all very well 
and in good Spirits and wish you may be so. We all 
join in love & good wishes to you, my Aunt & two Cou- 
sins. [I] remain Sir, your dutifull Nephew 

Edw.*^ Jackson. 

Do, Sir, desire my Aunt to send home a riding Hood 
ray Father brought to her as it belongs to Eunice. 



163 

Mr. Jackson writes from 

Exeter, Tuesday Morii.^ 6 o'clock. 
D.^Sir: 

I got here safe last night with my little Flock & 
if it was the next most necessary thing woukl come to 
you to-day, to confer upon placing you all together or 
near each other, but I am hurrying home to dispatch a 
Team I suppose is gone along and the most necessary 
things I chose to have immediately gone, as we may rea- 
sonably expect an armed Ship with Requisitions severe 
eno' to say no more of 'em. Marbleh'd had them made 
to 'em on Saturday, & it is reported have submitted. 
Salem expects the same Demand every moment & they 
are moving w'th all precipitation, & we have no Reason 
to expect less. As to the Armys they neither of 'em 
have any Idea of giving way that I can tind, but I believe 
no capital Movement is soon to be looked for. Mrs. 
Emery is confined to her Chamber. They asked for you 
& expected you, & if you cannot find a comfortable Re- 
tirement, I would have you put along here & take up for 
a few days at Folsoms ; but by the Return of the Bearer, 
if I can get one to you to-da}^ do write Hannah your 
situation & whether she may be comfortable along side 
you with her two children, Maid & black Girl & Boy & 
her nurse soon. With my tender love to my Sister & 
your little Folks & with a recommendation to you both 
to keep your spirits good, I am D."" Sir, 

Your affectionate Fr.'' & Bro.'' 

J. Jackson. 

(Directed) To Mr. Oliver Wendell at 

(Endorsed) Jon.-"* Jackson & his Son Ned's Letter, 1775. 



Thursday Moru.^ Apr. 27."' 1775. 
Dear Sir : 

I fear you think I've quite forgot you but my 
more urgent Necessitys have hitherto kept me other ways. 
Hannah sent over her Boy last night to let me know 
where you were and how. I have sent one load of Goods 



1G4 

over to Exeter & shall send another Tomorrow & follow 
it rayself so as to be there at night if possible. Hannah 
seems inclined to stay at Exeter, at least till she is Avell 
again. In the Confusion of moving, our Things got so 
mixed, that without making the Rendezvous of them at 
Exeter, it will be imi)ossible almost to sort them for her 
& you. I wish on Saturday morn.*^, if the Weather is 
good, you would be early at Exeter, leaving Polly with 
the Children & we will engage one Team Avith the most 
necessary things to get to you by (Saturday) night, & I 
will ride over with you to Kingston — this is upon suppo- 
sition you are situated to your mind or can be, thei'e. 
Our apprehensions are so lulled, we begin to think this 
l^lace secure, & a fortiori Exeter, but I propose neither 
of them to you unless your mind is fully composed ; 
indeed 'till public affairs have taken a more certain Turn, 
we know not what may happen. I inclose you a Letter 
from Brimmer with the happy news that our Friends in 
Boston are like to be liberated. I send you the last 
Paper, with their last most cruel but artfull Act, & 
3^ou'll find they are framing another for some of the 
Southern Governments. The Reinforcement from Eng- 
land is hourly expected, but we can get no certainty of 
their numbers. Cap.*^ Callahan's Papers all went to Bos- 
ton. Cap.* Lyde arrived yesterday at Cape Anne. His 
papers have gone to our Congress. Our Cousin, J. 
Quincy, Avas a passenger with Lyde & the report is, died 
two hours after he got ashore with a Consumption ; if so, 
he is gone from trouble eno', I think. Our Congress 
have determined upon an army of 30 thous.*^ Men, for 
the four Govern.'"'*, of which we raise 13 or 14 thous.*^ 
The Inlisting Orders are issued ; they talk of a paper 
Currency to support the Expence, the worst manoeuvre 
Pve yet heard of — Heaven avert it. Nance can best tell 
you how and when she got here. I hurry her to you, 
Polly can guess why. jNIy tenderest love to her, your 
little ones & yom-self. 

Excuse me further, 

your affectionate Friend & Bro.*" 

J. Jackson. 



165 

Give my Compliments to M/ Noyes (& his lady, tlio' 
unknown to her). INIrs. Bromfield is in your Neighbor- 
hood at Kensington, & so is old Mrs. Lowell. ]Mr. 
Bromfield set out yesterday for Boston to take eare of his 
mother &c, & John Traey for his Mistress. Dispatch 
Ned as soon as possible. What vou want, ^vnte by him 
for. 

(Endorsed by O. W.) J. J.'s Letter, 

The following letter is from Simon Tufts, son of Dr. 
Simon Tufts of Medford (see N. E. Hist. & Gen. Regis- 
ter; vol. 9, p. 117). 

Boston May 1775. 
Sir : 

I have made several Attempts last Month to forward 
a Letter to you but miscarried ; hope this will arrive 
hereby to acquaint you that amidst the Confusion distress 
&, difiiculty of the times, I have remained here till yet. 
As to your Part of the Store, I have kept it Shut and my 
own great part of the Time since the last Quarter for 
want of any kind of use or employ, owing to the above 
Reasons. As most of my Friends & acquaintance are 
gone & going out of Town I expect to be one of the 
Number ; if so shall leave the Keys of your part of the 
Store and those of jVI.''^ Wendell's either with M."" Jacob 
Wendell or at your House. Otherwise if I stay will do 
as much as is in my Power in the Care of your Property 
within my Sphere. This accompanys a Letter from my 
Friend M.*' Henry Prentiss per Cap.^ Hammond, tho' 
suppose you have rec.'^ later. 

If I could have had any Advice from you, would have 
let your part of the Store if any application had been 
made, but now there is not the least probability. May 
the Supreme Disposer of all Events & director of all 
Men & things appear for the Relief of this unhappy & 
distress'd Capital and relieve us from our present Confu- 
sions & Disorders & avert those Evils we fear impending 
on us. I am with due Respect, Sir, 

Your very obedient & oblidg'd Friend & Humb. Serv.* 

S. Tufts. 



166 

P. S. The Letter referred to is the first M/ Prentiss 
wrote after his arrival at y*^ W. Indies and as his arriv'd 
at Newbury port, it may not be sent. Cap.* Freeman had 
took out the Letter for M"^ Ruthy. 

(p:ndorsed) M."" Simon Tufts Letter May 1775. 

(Directed) To Mr. Oliver Wendell at Newburyport. 

Mv. "Wendell was concerned with Nathaniel Applcton, 
and also with Henry Prentiss, in mercantile business. 
They were fortunate in securing the services of a friend 
and neighbor of Mr. "Wendell, James Lovell, of Boston, 
to take care of their property, which was now in great 
danger of injury and depredation. There are a number 
of letters from these correspondents relating to their 
business affairs and the protection and removal of goods, 
furniture, etc., extracts from which are here given. 

Nathaniel Applcton was at the time living in Salem 
with his brother John. They were sons of Rev. Dr. 
Applcton of Cambridge, already mentioned. Nathaniel 
was a member of the first Committee of Correspondence 
and a zealous patriot during the Revolutionary struggle. 
He was a distinguished opponent of the slave trade." 
John Appleton was a successful merchant in Salem. In 
his store the celebrated Count Rumford (Benjamin Thomp- 
son) was an apprentice from 1766 to 1769.^^ 

Henry Prentiss was the son of Rev. Joshua Prentiss of 
Holliston, who married for his second wife Margaret, the 
daughter of Rev. Dr. Appleton, and the sister of the 
above named Nathaniel. He was a captain in the Revo- 
lutionary Army, and had been before a sea captain. ^'^ 

James Lovell was for some years master of the South 
Grammar School in Boston. His residence during the 

11 See Appleton Memorial, p. :>1. 

"See Ellis- Lite of Count Kumford, p. 16. 

13 See The Prentiss Family, p. 110. 



167 

Revolution was on the estate where the Parker House 
aow stands, and his family witnessed, on the housetop, 
the burninor of Charlestown durinsj the battle of Bunker 
Hill. He was imprisoned in the Boston jail, Gen. Howe 
having discovered a prohibited correspondence proving 
his adherence to the Revolutionary cause. During his 
imprisonment his devoted wife was daily accustomed to 
convey his food to the prison door.^* He was carried to 
Halifax on the evacuation, but was exchanged in 1776. 
He was afterwards a member of the Continental Con- 
gress, Collector, and, for a long time. Naval Officer. 

The foUowino; are the letters referred to, arranged in 
the order of their dates. 

Salem, Jan. 10"', 1775. 
Mr. Wendell 

Hope 3'ou got home safe and found all well. 
I have this day sent by Mr. Henderson's Sleds seven casks 
pressed Hend q.' 446 Gall.* and also 6 casks by Young's 
Sleds 324 Gall.® the particular Guages have forwarded to 
Nicolls. I have sold Mr. Rob.' Jinkins of Boston 10 
Boxes Candles, to be deliver."^ tomorrow morning. Cap.* 
Bruce has spoken to me for 20 more i. e. 40 in all to be 
delivered begin. ^ next week, hope you will be able to 
send me a quantity down this week — do enjoin Nicols in 
packing the boxes that he fill up the Crcvaces with paper 
to keep them from moving as much as possible. 1 have 
got some boards in my Pasture barn, if you want for 
boxes you may take 'em, the chief of 'em are 1^ inch 
boards or planks, perhaps they may be sawed to advan- 
tage these scarce times. Presume our children are at 
Boston by this time, hope Thomy will not be trouble- 
som. I wrote Nath. a letter this morning, if he has not 
got it let him apply to Cap.' Hood. I Rec.** an order 
this day from Mr. Russell to ship the Oil to Plymouth. 
Don't forget to sencl down the Candles ; in hast, all well, 
y.' friend N. A. 

"Loring, in the Hundred Boston Orators (See Drake's Old Landmarks of Bos- 
ton, p. 65) (also see X. E. Hist. Gen. Reg., Vol. 19, p. 257 (note) ). 



1(58 

P. S. clo inquire of Mr. Hewes whether he does sell 
for 2-6 as I have had it. affirmed by Mr. Jiukins, and 
consult with him what is best to \'e, done as to price. 

P. S. you need not mention Jinkius name, but you.'^ 
do as you please. 

P. S. please to tell Nat. to go and see Jinny Hewes 
and know how she does and whether Mrs. Hovey pur- 
poses to continue in Town. 

(Directed) To Mr. Oliver Wendell 

Merch.' 
In Boston 
Near the Kings Chapel. 
' (Endorsed) Salem Jan. 10."' 1775 

Nath.^ Appleton's Letter. 



Fryday Morn.^ Mch. 30, 1775. 
Sir 

I Rec* 3^ours last evening. I should rather sell the 
Oil than ship it, am sorry you did not strike immediately 
with Mr. Lloyd for Oil from Salem, as I am now fearful 
that it will be too late as Lalia is most ready to sail, hope 
you will git an order immediately (if not allready) to 
ship as much as you can, as to the Lond." vessel it is 
uncertain whether she will take any more freight but shall 
do my best — as to times being dark I don't know that it 
is yet so dark as to stop our l)usiness, let us proceed on 
regular and leave the event. Y.'^ in hast, 

N. A. 

P. S. best body Oil is sold here £40 L. Mo. You'll 
perceive in Alp.*" mem.*^ that Mr. Russell owes ab.* £65. 
I believe if you could git an ord."" on Mr. Curwin the 
Deputy Impost master, he would pay it. Cap.* Laha 
sails next Tuesday and if advised tomorrow, he will 
reserve freight room for 2 or 3 Tons, he says jNIr. Lloyd 
told him he believed he should ship some Oil by him. 

(Directed) To Mr. Oliver Wendell, Merch.' 

In Boston. 

(Endorsed) Salem, March 30.'" 1775. 
N. Appleton's Letter. 



169 

Salem, March 30."' 1775. 

I wrote you yesterday about Laha bound to Halifax. 
I understand that he will sail in a few days, was in hopes 
to hear.*^ something from you before now, respecting tliis 
Oil for Halifax & shiping our Oil to London. Cap.* 
Brown for London is nearly full. I have bou.* 5 or 6 
Ton head but don't know how to pay for it unless I draw 
on Heyley & Hopkins, or receive some from Newbury- 
port. We have just heard of a number of soldiers march- 
ing out of Boston this morning, but don't learn upon what 
design. All well, in hast. Y.'' Friend & Serv.' 

N. Appleton. 

I have not had a line from you since you left Salem. 

(Directed) To Mr. Oliver Wendell, Merch.' 

In Boston. 

(Endorsed) Salem, March 30."' 1775. 

N. Appleton's Letter. 



S. 



Salem, Apr. 10.*^ Monday Morn.^ 



Having so good an opp." of writing by Deacon Boyu- 
ton, I improve it to let you know I wrote you particularly 
last Saturday by the young man that lives with Mr. 
Benj." Andrews, to which I hope to receive a reply this 
forenoon, I want your opinion of Drawing and whether as 
much as we can. I understand several I are moving, let 
me know what you purpose to do, and all other particu- 
lars that occur to your mind. I am exceeding anxious 
about the Congress. I heartily pray you may be di- 
rected to that which God will bless for the deliverance of 
America from her present troubles, & tho' at present 
there is an impenetral)le darkness that involves us, yet I 
have strong faith that light will yet arise. I have all ways 
seem.'' to think it would come from some unexpected 
quarter ; let us trust and pray & do our duty & leave the 
event. Y.*" Friend, 

N. A. 

(Endorsed) Mr. Nath.' Appleton's Letter. 

12 



170 

Salem 15/" April, 1775. 
S/ 

Hope yoii had a good journey & are l)etter in health. 
Yesterday arrived Cap.*^ Collings from Lond." brings 
some interesting news, inclosed is some of the particulars 
taken off by Mr. Hall who had the papers but a short 
time. The Charm seems to be broke, how far we shall 
be able to comply with the requisitions can't say, but 
hope something will arrise out of it that will restore 
peace ; by present appearances our Port is to remain shut, 
but I can't think our friends in England will be easy 'till 
they git the Port open. I believe we shall have no fight- 
ing this season. I have rec.'' a letter from Harrisons, 
they had not sold the Oil 13.*'^ Jan.^ Bro. Haven deliv- 
ered that Letter to Mr. Wentworth which offer'd him 
credit & Mr. Wentworth has wrote us since & sent for 
50 Boxes. I shall draw on G. Hay ley for £200 sterl.s 
fav.'i [A. T.] & Rogers ; shall git £200 L. M.« insured on 
Oil in Brown, hope to hear from you soon. I have wrote 
incoherent as I am in o^reat haste. Mrs. Dockwood the 
bearer just going away and I preparing [ ] last 

night that [ ' ' ] day — Mr. J.— [ ] 

we are all pre [ ]. 

(Directed) To Mr. Oliver Wendell 

at y\v. Jon. Jackson's 

In Newbury port. 
(Endorsed) Salem, April 15."' 1775 

N. Appleton's Letter. 



Saletn May 1.'^ 1775. 
Dear S."" : 

I wrote 3-ou yesterday, but in so much hast I don't 
recollect what I wrote. Lidia, your young woman, came 
to us last night. & Mingo who informs me that the Works 
are stoped as Mrs. Phillips had the old horse the day 
after the battle to send ab.^ her children and could not 
git in again. Nicol's is working up the refined stuf. I 
should be glad of your advice where it will be best to 
place our candles & movable stock. As to Cap.' ILrviug, 



171 

he nor anybody else will tnke the charge & risque of any 
comodity in town. I am think. ^ that yonr house will be 
as safe as anywheres To put the Candlets in, and put the 
loos cakes into somel)ody'8 cellar so as to divide our 
propert}'. I wrote Mr. Russell of Charlestown some 
days ago, desiring him to buy the Oil & made him out a 
Bill of parcells, he sent me word he will do all he can to 
have it secured as Oil for the public. Mingo will give 
you more particulars of the Town than I can ; the Select- 
men have constantly the Ear of the General & it seems 
he puts his greatest confidence in them. I believe he 
puts all the blocks in the wa}' he can to prevent the In- 
habitants coming out as he supposes them to be his great- 
est security — shall expect a line from you [as soon] as 
possible, we are all pretty well. 

Y."" P^riend & Servant 
— often think — [ ] Nath.' Appleton. 

oves [ ] 

(Dh-ected) To Mr. Oliver Wendell at Newburyport. 



Mv d/ Friend 



James Lovell writes from 

Boston May 3.^^ 



I wish my Friend you was at Cambridge, 
y.*" Spirits would be exhilarated and y.'" Health conse- 
quently mended. I know not where you are, but upon 
your special Directicni I will write to you once or twice a 
Day. 

Give my best Respects to Mrs. ^\ and my Love 

to y.'' d.'" Children. Mrs. Lovell has suffered extremely 
in the Head, fears a fixed Disorder there, but is I hope 
only sufiering thus thro Weakness. My Family is yet 
w."' me. 4 Children are prepared to go away, and JNL" 
Lovell w.'"' the rest will follow when able, if I so judge 
proper. I am wot yet ripe to determine, /shall tarry 
if 10 Seiges take i)lace. I have determined it to be a 
Duty which 1 owe the Cause & the Friends of it, and am 



172 

perfectly fearless of the Consequences. An ill Turn, of 
a most violent Diarhea, from being too long in a damp 
place, has contirm'd Doct/ Gardners advice to me not 
to go into the Trenches, where my whole Soul lodges 
nightly. How then can I be more actively serviceable to 
the Friends who ih'uik with nie, than by keeping disa- 
greeable post among a Set of Villains Avho would will- 
ingly destroy what those Friends leave behind them. 

Once more, about y.^ Health. Newbury is not a place 
for you. The people there are in Fears like Boston 
Folks. Come to Cambridge and recruit y.'" Spirits. 
Think as little as you can about any other Thing but the 
future happy Days of America, wdiich are fast coming up 
the great wheel. 3 times 30 Days will make a Sampson 
of you, if you will only patch yourself up for the present. 
Will Britain see that we count Seaports and all the Mer- 
chandize they contain of no Value in Comparison of our 
Rights ; that we fly to the Country with them and dare 
her to invade them there ; and will she madly persist in 
the present Humour? What is America to her more 
than the habitable Moon if Commerce ceases? 3 times 
30 days will inform us of her Recovery. Why should 
Boston be the Seat of Government? Why not the great 
Menadnock? We act as if Commerce and not Acres was. 
our Foundation. Cheer up my D."^ Sir you shall be 
Member for one of those Towns where your Oaks stand 
unmolested by the covetous haughty yet base and spend- 
thrift Parliament of Britain. The Villains in this Town 
hang their Heads like Bullrushes while the honest Beggar 
walks erect. 

You must be sure of y."" Bearer if you Avrite an}^ Thing 
that must be under Seal whether private or public in its 
nature. 

Adieu for the present 

J. L. 

(Direction) To M"^ Oliver Wendell 
at 
with Dispatch 

(Endorsed) James Lovells Letter. 



173 

May 5.th 
D/ Sir : 

I have wrote to you lately in a circumstantial Man- 
ner, but such Impediments rise from one Hour to another 
to prevent a free Egress, that I am doubtful whether 
that Letter has yet left Town ; Balch had it ; he goes for 
England with M.'' SoIUcilor, oh ! and M.'" Amory & wife, 
and many others male & female the middle of next week. 
Brother Harry Hill takes Charge of this ; therefore upon 
a Certainty of its reaching you, I charge you, by your 
own Worth, that you visit Salem & Cambridge. The 
first, to converse with Brother Appleton ; upon which you 
will feel yourself so greatly mended as to carry you to 
Cambridge for full Recovery. I feel happier on Saloop 
and water Gruel, with the present glorious publick Pros- 
pect, than I ever did full of roast Beef & Wine, while 
there remained a Chance of the Establishment of Tyranny 
on the horrid ministerial Plan, which has brought us to 
this Crisis. Pray Doctor, ^^ come nearer ; come where no 
Fear is. 

4 o'clock P. M. 

Balch has passed the Lines. He said, when he had 
once accomplish'd That, he would cry out "I made my 
Prayer to thee from the Depths of Hell ; thou hast heard 
& delivered me." There has been the most scandalous 
dishonourable, Shilly Shally Conduct towards the Citizens 
that can be conceiv'd of; the General is truly loorlJiy of 
his Post & Errand. 

/had the Club last Evening ; it cost you but one Bottle 
of Madeira, as they seem'd determin'd to finish oti' Doct.'' 
Jos's Raspberry. Noses counted against me, but they 
were stuck upon drooping Heads & I will leave it to 
Balch if you meet him, whether I did not stop all their 
Mouths as fully hy Argument, as by Beef & Cheese. 

1 have omitted all Mention hitherto of what has been 
near the Nib of my Pen often. I cannot refrain longer. 
I wish you may view it as 1 do. 

'Tis glorious to dye for one's Country. Our Friend 

15 A familiar name applied to him in College. 



174 

Quincy died by thinking for it, as much as any one has 
lately died by fighting for it. And thro' the Merits of 
the INIediator he is doul)tless happy in his Exit. The 
guilty living are the only Objects of Pity ; I sincerely 
hope & believe the Number of such is exceedingly small, 
in Comparison of the mighty Legions of the frail. 

Do let me speedily hear from you ; and besides a mi- 
nuteness concerning y'' own aflairs, let me know the State 
of y*" Brothers Family. Direct to . my Friend Jose})h 
Trumbull Esq.'' Commissary General at Cambridge, and 
give him a Line about Secresy of Conveyance. I write 
& hear freely & Safely tho' I know of a Deal of Negli- 
gence in the Matter of Letters. 

Make a thousand Enquiries, I will do my best to 
answer them, tho' it will go against my Grain to do a 
Thing which may make you less likely to come to Head 
Quarters, by satisfying y."" Curiosity in part, where you 
are. 

Adieu my Friend for_ the present, for I will not tell 
you what it is only tit you should receive from the Mouth 
of y*' Brethren at Cambridge. 

J. L. 

(Endorsed by Oliver Wendell) M.*" Lo veil's Letter. 



Salem, JNIay S.**' 1775. 
Mr. Wendell : 

S."" : I rec.^ yours p.-" Mr. Prentiss. Note 
what you say of So. Battery, but I think it safer to have 
our effects cUspersed ; we shall be obliged to have a quan- 
tity of Oil there & all our Works. Mr. Cooms did not 
give his note hand. IVIr. Will."" Coombs is charoed in 
the Books Feb.y 7."' 1775, £ 32. 10. 7. Mr. Jn.° Cooms 
gave a receipt for the Candles on ace* of his brother, 
which he may think was a note of hand. I have given 
credit for £ 24. 8. I understand some Tories or Officers 
have attempted to take possession of your House, but 
Master James Lovell has prevented, & as I hear, lodges 
there himself. I don't know why Voax is not there. 
I find it grows extreme difficult to get out of town. 



175 

Ml-. Wallcy writes nic he litis been trying a week with 
all his dilisfence & can't effect it. We had the same al- 
larin at Salem that you had, many expoctinof them every 
moment, l)ut I gave no credit to so unlikely a story, and 
felt very calm. How long it will remain is uncertain, but 
1 much doubt whether they will make any further attempt. 
No troops yet from England ; a few have arrived from 
Halifax ; a number of N. Yorkers have recanted, even 
Rivington has acknowledged that he has Iieen hired to 
falsify and couutei'act all our measures and begs the fa- 
vour of the public. N. York rises high. L.*^ North told 
Mr. Quincy that he had no great faith in the Measures, 
but he must pursue 'em and try the event. He told him 
Hutchinson had missed it in his politicks. I must just 
drop a tear with you over Bro. Quincy, a short, but I 
hope a usefuU life ; he told Cap.*^ Lyde he longed to hear 
there had been a Battle. Manduit writes Hallowell an 
intercepted Letter, Mch. 3.'', I saw, that he hoped "ere 
this reaches you some of your Leaders will have felt the 
power of Parliament &c." t'vum whence it is strongly sus- 
pected they had a design upon A s & H k. 

Connecticut Govern.* have voted (iOOO men upon the 
same footing as our men. Our men inlist very fast, hope 
you New Hampshire men will act your part well. INIan- 
duit says Mr. Hutchinson strove hard to git an exclusive 
privilege for the friends of Govern.'^ but could not. Mr. 
Triscott ot Dorchester has been at Salem & bro.* Sharper 
with him in hopes to see you here, but finding you so far 
of, determined to return, but Mr. Triscott said he should 
be glad to have the bhick Children taken from him as he 
expected to remove farther back and they would be cum- 
brance to him in git^ into a family, therefore thought it 
would be best for Sharper to go l)ack and find a place for 
himself and children, but then he wanted a credit from me 
to enable him to git such a [)lace, supposing you would 
like it, I gave him a pass and requested that some person 
would take them in & keep them on as cheep a lay as 
they can including Sharper's work 'till further orders, & 
engaged in your behalf that all necessary charges should 
be paid. If yon disapprove of this give me early notice 



17G 

& I can write Mr. Triscott and prevent the operation of 
it. This day we have a larpff^ emis!*ion of Recantations 
from Marblehead Viz.*^ Kinjr Hooper and all his family, 
Messrs. Marston, White, Foul, Gallison, Lewis, Bowen, 
&c., &c., lament.^ their errors, engag.^ their lives & for- 
tunes in the service of their injured Country. This I 
take to be voluntary. There is not now a resident 
Addresser in Marblehead, hope Salem will follow their 
example. You have doubtless seen the resolve of Con- 
gress that Gen. Gage has disqualified himself to be Gov- 
ernor of this Province & therefore no obedience is due 
unto him, but to be avoided as an Enemy to the Colony, 
this I take to be the Revolution oj 1 775. God of his 
infinite mercies grant that those who steer the Sliip of 
State may have wisdom to conduct her safe to the Haven 
of peace & the best civil Government. Am sorr}' you 
are settled so far from us. What think j^ou of ship.^ our 
remaining Oil to Lond.° by Cap.* Coffin. Poet Joseph 
Green & Lady, Messrs. Jn." Amory & wife, Jos. Green 
Jun. & wife, Jos. Barrell & wife & Neighbor Balch &c., 
&c., have taken passage in Calahan for London ; many to 
Haliftix, Nantucket, Kenebeck River, all parts of Con- 
necticut, &c., &c. It is like the dispersion of the Jews. 
Our love to you all. 

N. A. 



Charlestown May 9.^" 1775. 
S/, 

I got here last Sabath da}', since which I've wrote twice 
to Master Lovell. In answer to my first he writes me 
that he choses to have me to assist him in Removeing your 
furniture & that he would Apply to the Generall for a 
pass for me if I would come in to Town, upon which I 
wrote him that if he could obtain a pass & repass for me 
that I would come in, in Answer to which he wrote me 
this Forenoon that the General promis'd that he would 
send Orders to the Ferry for mc to pass & repass with 
your Goods & I now am waighting for the pass to go into 
Town. Shall do the best for you in my Power. M." 
Phillips was here this morn.^ She & all here are well ; she 



177 

wants to see you very much. She has got your Works 
Horse. She has got a House somewhere in Watertown. 
All friends this way are well. Inclos'd are letters from 
Master Lovell which I suppose will give you a particular 
account of your affairs. I took an Account of your things 
in Lynn. Harris continues [at the] Island & sells to 
every one that comes [ ] being waiting for this 

Obliges me to conclude. [Please] to give my regards to 
M.*"^ Wendell & accept the same yourself & Believe me 
to be your friend & Hinnb'^ Serv.' 

H. Prentiss. 

N. B. I have Mingo here with me. 

(Directed) To M.^' Oliver Wendell 

To be left at M.'' Jon.« Jackson 
Newburyport. 

(Endorsed) Charlestown May 9, 1775. 

H. Prentiss Letter. 



D.-- Sir 

There is such a severe Scrutiny at the Ferry that 
what Trunks are in the House must be opened there. On 
which Ace* and the Intirmity of my Health, I have got 
M."" Prentiss to consent to come over upon the General's 
granting Pass & Repass. 

His Intimacy in y"" Family will warrant my Opening y' 
Pacages to take out any Thing which may have been put 
up by accident that can be called Merchandize, which you 
are now to learn is not comprehended in the Term Effects. 

Very little of y."" Furniture can be sent^ I think, under 
such hourly-increasing Embarrassments. 

¥.■■ Bedding & Trunks with useful Furniture rather than 
the best must be chosen. The best will be grossly abused. 

I this Minute have yours of the 4."' I wish you w^ould 
refer to any of my Letters rec.*' by naming the Date of 
them. 
9."» 11 A. M. J.^ Lovell. 

(Directed) M."- Oliver Wendell 

at Newbury 
(Endorsed) M."" Lovell's Letter. 



178 
The following is a copy of his petition for a pass. 

To his Excellency ) 
General Gage 3 

May it i^lease yonr PLvcellency to allow 
One personally a Stranger and of a Mixt Cliaracter, like 
the Generality of the World, to present himself thus to 
y'" Excellency's Eye, as a grateful Man, and in Conse- 
quence, as one firmly attach'd to the Interest of a most 
benevolent Citizen, Neighbor, & Friend — M/ Oliver 
Wendell. 

Greatly shocked by a Xervous Disorder M."^ Wendell 
w^as trying a Change of Air at Newbury, prior to the late 
Obstruction of Intercourse with this Town ; his Domestics 
have since fled from apprehended Danger ; and his Effects 
are taken under Watch of y'' Excellency's Petitioner who 
is also of very intirm Health. 

M.'" Henry Prentiss, a Partner in some Degree of Busi- 
ness with M.'' Wendell, having just arriv'd from a forreign 
Voyage is at present in Charlestown. Your Excellency 
is therefore most huml)ly & earnestly intreated to permit 
said Prentiss to pass into Boston and to repass with the 
Effects mentioned. Arms, Ammunition and Merchandize 
excepted ; or to grant your Suppliant the Honor of a 
Moment's Interview that he may confirm the above, and 
alledge fresh Circumstances in Support of his Prayer. 

For such Token of y."" Excellency's Compassion to 
Himself and Justice to his Suffering Friend, your Peti- 
tioner, as in Duty bound, will ever pray. 

Mem'^"™ 

A small dressing Glass in Trunk No. 1 in a Blanket 
halfway down ; and a Pane of Looking Glass in the same 
Trunk or the Cedar Chest. In the same Trunk are Bed 
Screws & Winch. 

In are 

2 P.* Cans mark.^ at Bottom I 5: S 
1 larjre P.' Porrinser . . EH 



179 

S E 
1 Pepper Box .... < ^^ 

1 Lamp 4 Stamps 

1 Sug'' Tongs no mark 

2 large Spoons I Symmes 
1 do I Chirk 
1 do W C 

1 do Hard 

1 do T. Edwards i ^^ ^ 

1 do IE E T 

4 Tea do ^^ ^ 




hi 15 



3 do O. W. 

1 p'" Shoe Buckles square open-work. 



My d."" Friend 

I now take up my Pen to write to you more 
particularly, than in the Morning, on the Article of Em- 
barrassments. Such a Trifle as a little Oatmeal or Starch 
iu a P:iper is looked upon as unpassable being ranged 
under the Head of Provision, which it seems lays at the 
Ar1)itrium of the Searcher, who is a refugee from N. 
York, placed at the Ferry : while good Benj.'' Davis per- 
forms the same offices at y® Lines upon the Neck. Thus 
you see it will be impossible to send you anything eatable 
or drinkable, therefore you will be quite particular in 
Answer to my former Hints. 

It seems impossible that Matters can remain long in 
such a Situation as the present. God knows what will 
be the next Alarm, but I trust He will direct it in Favor 
of the oppressed. 

Upon a Second Look I find y."" Letter rec.'' by me was 
written 2 days before M." Prentice left you, perhaps in 
that Time you rec.^ one of mine. By y."" recommending 



180 

that I sh,^ strow yJ Garden with Something usefull you 
think it will not be taken from you. You surely are not 
in the Thought of paying Rent for it as a Store for the 
Remnant of y^ Goods which may be left in it. Most 
probably Laughton will strive to let it to some of the 
high governmental Men. 

I wish you would follow me with a Line daily as Things 
may happen to occur to you. I will do you all the Ser- 
vice in my Power, and conform strictly to y*" Directions. 

Mrs. Lovell begins to mend ; her alarming sweats les- 
sen. 'Tis a miserable little Baby in comparison of her 
former ones ; but that is not to be wonder'd at, consider- 
ing it as hitherto nurtured by Anxiety. 

If I succeed in getting much the greater Part of y.' 
Effects away and a tollerable Tory should have the Pro- 
tection of the Remainder ; and if M."" Balche's & Doctor 
Gardner's Matters go on well, and 20 more ifs take Place, 
I cannot say but that my Wife will persuade me to turn 
Farmer ; but it will not be in the Neighbourhood of this 
Place, One of the ifs is, if I am not in the black List, 
which I have the best Reason to suspect is past Doubt 
against me. 

Present my best Regards to M." Wendell and tell your 
young Folks I remember them with Love. I thought 
Mart. Brimmer would have been able to give me account 
of you thro' M."^ Jackson ; but I am disagreeably con- 
vinced of the Contrary. I hope M."" Jackson is not 
confined. If he is well he can certainly pick up Carryers 
at such a Time as This. You must however give us no 
State Matters; for 'tis but "you are the General's Pris- 
oner," and whip ! away to the Man of War ; as is the 
Case of poor John Peck. I carry 'd him Breakfast to 
main Guard yesterday, and again this Morning but he 
was carry'd off last Evening and put on Board Ship. 
Inquisitorial this ! 

your affectionate Neighbor. 
May 9.*'^ 4 p. m. May 10."' p. m. 

(Directed) For M.^ Oliver Wendell 

at Newburyport. 

(Endorsed) James Lovell's Letter. 



181 

Charlestowu May 12."' 1775. 
Dear Sir, 

I've been here ever since last Sabath clay waiting 
for a Pass into Town or for yonr things to come over 
neither of which I am able to obtain yet. Master Lovell 
wrote me hist Evening that he had y*" Promise of a Pass 
for me which I believe is all I shall get. The trouble & 
DitBculty of getting a Pass is much greater than I cou'd 
possibly Conceive, & cou'd a Pass be obtained I shou'd 
almost as lives (did the furniture belong to me), leave it 
in the Town to take the common fate of things there. I 
must l)eg you to take a ride this way I think your inter- 
est demands it. I would not desire you to come this way 
if there was the least danger. You may come to Charles- 
town with the Greatest safety. Coll. Marshall sent over 
here to know what Stock you bad upon the Island, upon 
which I sent Mingo to the Island to bring an account to 
me. He tells me M."" Harris is very uneasy, the people 
from the Men of War frequently go to the Island to Buy 
fresh Provision, his own safety obliges him to sell to 
them, on the other Hand the Committee of Safety have 
thretned if he sells anything to the Army or Navy, that 
they will take all the Cattle from the Island, & our folks 
tell him they shall handle him very rufly. M.""" Phillips 
Furniture came over the Day before yesterday, & M.""^ 
Hunt came with them. Our other friends are still con- 
fin'd in Town but enjoy good Health. Inclosed is a Let- 
ter from Master James Lovell. Please to present my 
best regards to M.""^ AVendell & accept the same yourself, 
& Love to M.'" Ned and Miss Sally. Y.'' friend &g. 

H. Prentiss. 
(Directed) To M.'' Oliver Wendell 

To be left att M.' Jon.* Jacksons 
Newbury Port. 
(Endorsed) Charlestowu, May, 1775 

H. Prentiss Letter. 



182 

Charlestown May 13."', 1775. 
Sir, 

I wrote 3''ou Yestcrcl.'iy by the Stage & inclos'd a Letter 
from Master Lovell, which will be left at M.'' Jackson's 
for you. I've been waiting here ever since Snnday last 
in expectation of a Pass into Boston. My Patience is 
quite worn out, but from what JNIaster Lovell wrote me 
last Evening I expect to have my Pass this morning. I 
wish you'd come here yourself. I would not desire it if 
I did not think you might come with safety, but I think 
there is not the least Danger. If you do not incline to 
come i>lease to write me where I shall send your furniture 
when I get it out of Town. Direct your Letters to be 
left at Woarts Tavern to the care of M."^" Andrew Brim- 
mer who keeps there. Please to give my regards to AL" 
Wendell & accept the same yourself & believe me to be 
your friend 

H. Prentiss. 

(Endorsed) Charlestown May 17, 1775. 

H. Pj-entiss Letter. 



Salem, May 18."> 1775. 
D.-- S.^ 

Inclosed are sundry Letters rec.'* at sundry times & 
forwarded by the tirst opp.° I have rec.** a Letter from 
Mr. Prentiss who has got back again to Charlestown. He 
informs me that some of your Goods are coming by Water 
to Marl)le!icad. I am going over to [see] al).* them & 
some of my own. Shall be glad you'd send me word 
what you. '^ 'have done with your goods. I cannot yet 
learn how we are like to succeed ab.* giting out our Can- 
dles. There has been a very great tire at Boston last 
night but don't jet learn the particulars l)ut in generall 
that it broke out near draw-bridge & consumed many 
buildings ; some say 30, some say 100, oh poor Boston ! 
AVe are pretty well, but think of removing if we could 
fix upon a good place. We want to avoid the extremes 
of a seaport & too great obscurity. We have so many 
articles of News every hour 1 don't know which to write 



183 

you. Hallifax have burnt the Kuigs Hay & attempted 
ithe Dock yards. Dartm." have taken a Cutter & got the 
sailors and marines prisoners. S.° Carolina seized ab.* 
1000 small arms with some ammunition. A Dutch ship 
arrived at New York with military stores for the Colonies, 
got all safe on shore. Ticonderoga taken with a large 
train of artilery. 3 or 4 transports arrived at Boston, 
part of a fleet of 6 Ships with ab.' 800 troops ; 4000 are 
destined to N. York. D."" Franklyn arrived at Philadel- 
phia. Several fishermen been taken out of inward & 
outward bound vcssells. Yrs. Avith great regard to your 
family. 

N. A.'' 



Boston May 26."' 1775. 
Sir, 

I was a thinking to stay in Boston till I had work up 
all the stuti' that is Ketin.'' and then to leave the Town, 
for I can't any ways content myself to stay in Town for 
their is not anything to do at the works that makes it 
worth while to open it. I don't take money enough to 
pay for my board. ]M.'" Hughes has Left his business in 
George Erving's hands which is the Reason that no body 
dos call at the works for Candles. Your Stores at Fort 
hill Remain as you left them. M.""^ Hovey is going out 
of Town & J[enn]y is going with her. M."" Mines has 
been about the Oil and he be glad if M.'" Russell would 
not want him to take more Oil than is for him Self, for 
their will l)e a disadvantedg attend it. I cant Pay Collo.' 
M[arshall] at present. Mother is gone & your house is 
emty. I will tell Voax to Move in it directly. I have 
been to work at M.'" White's oft' & on some time & have 
got some more to do. As their is but Little work to do 
at the works I shall be glad you would Let me know 
about [shujting it up, for the Provision that I get I can 
not content my Self upon and being discontented withall 
I find it is too much to withstand. Be kind enough to 
Let me know what I shall doe with the woi'ks. I call.'' 

'6 (No direction or endorsement.) 



184 

at M/ Constable & he says that he has not any bushiess 
to do & he can not pay that Kent any ways for he dos not 
bnsiness enough to find him in Provision & he thinks as 
people are ghid to git anybody that will take care of their 
houses to live in them Rent free he hopes that you will 
consider him in these times. 

John Nicoll. 
(Directed) To M/ Nath.' Appleton 

Mei'chant 

Salem. 
(Endorsed by O. W.) Boston May 16'" 1775 

John Nicoll to N. Appleton. 



My good Friend Wendell 

I write much in a Hurry and shall 
therefore be short. Mad'" Alford has sent for the Key of 
her Trunk. She is at Heading. M.' Prentice must have 
deliver'd it to you, if it was not left by him at the Widow 
Stevens's in Charlestown ; about which Enquiry shall be 
made before this is sent to you.^^ 

M."* Nichols has left the Key of the Works with me. 
I am ready for all y'' orders within my Capacity. 

1 have placed every Thing remain.*^ of y"^ Furniture 
snugly away in Chests, Boxes & Trunks in my own dry 
boarded Cellar; if there is a possibility of sending j^ou 
any Thing useful, name it, and I can easily lay my Hand 
ui)on some small Package which contains it. 
Yrs. Aiiectionately 

J.s L 11. 

Jime 6."' 

Brother Appleton 

By seing M."" Nichols you will know the 
exact state of y"" matters, and you are already assured of 
my services. Is Jn.° safe with you? 

"In the margin it ie stated tiiat the key was "not to be found at Mrs. Stevens's." 



185 



The above letter from James Lovcll was directed to 
"Mess.'"' Nath.i Appleton & Co. at Salem." Mr. Apple- 
ton re-directed it to "M.^" Oliver Wendell to the care of 
M."" Jonathan Jackson, merch.*^ in Newbnryport." 



Saturday Noon. 
My d.'" Neighbour 

Just after I wrote you last Doct."" jNIorris 
Phisiciau of the Army an Elderly Gentleman took the 
House, and was so complaisantly pressing to come in 
that I work.*^ all night from yesterday Noon, and admitted 
him at 10 this morning. He wishes to have the Furni- 
ture connnittcd to his Care, nay is willing to pay for it, 
and makes the strongest Promises of the extremest Care. 
1 think what I have left is better there than carry'd to 
Jetiries's, my House or the Store. I think (jiving the use 
a much greater Security against Abuse than letting. I 
therefore told Him that I would leave as p.'" Mem''""' for 
the ]})-esent, for which he is greatly thankful, but that I 
should attend y'' Order respecting all or any Part. As to 
that ''He shall be very thankful for present use, as it will 
give 0[)p'' to provide ify.'" Commands make it necessary." 

"Your Desk & Case shall have the same Care as if the 
Papers were his own or I may remove it at my pleasure, 
if free access is too troublesome to me." 

Monday. 

Vonlks was out a-Fishinir & I intirely forgot Jacob so 
that my own School Runners perform'd the whole ;■ and I 
assure ycni without breaking G'' value of any sort. I had 
the House swept from Garret to Cellar removing every 
Thinijj new & old but the followiuir. 

In the front 7'oom. 

Wax Work & chimney Glass each with Branches, a 
Look.^ Glass, a marble slab, a Card Table, a Japan Tea 
Table, a mahog.'' stand, Desk & Case, 10 Chairs, 2 China 
Vases, a Japan Plate Tri|)od, a lead" Cooler, 2 Family 
Pictures, a Lamp Tea Kettle. 
13 



186 

In the Entry. On the Slairs. 

A Glass Lanthorn. An oval Japan Tea Table. 

Middle Room. 
A Clock, a Breakfast Ta])le, a Desk, a Look^ Glass, 1 
Family Picture, 8 Metzitintos, 1 Fuelling &, 4 small red 
leather Chairs, 1 Hearth Brush. 

Kitchen. 

3 Trammels, 1 p."" H.'^ Irons, 1 p.'" roast. ^ do., 1 Jack, 
2 Spits, 1 Dripping Pan, 1 Gridiron, 1 Shovel & Tongs, 
1 Fender, 1 AYarm° Pan, 1 fry.^ d.", 1 Checker Board 
&c.,^^ 1 Jack for Boots, 1 Barn Lanthorn, 1 Bread [Pnl], 
1 flesh Fork, 1 Iron spoon, 6 scevvers, a large & small 
pine Table, 1 Brass Kettle, 1 large & 1 small iron Pot, 1 
Dish Kettle, 1 Stew pan, 2 long Brushes & a Broom, 1 
short Brush & Dirt pan, 1 large wooden mortar, 1 flat tin 
& 2 iron Candlesticks, salt-Box, 1 p.' Snuffers, 1 Tobacco 
Jar, 1 large Lead." d.° (found in the Kitchen Loft), 2 
folding Boards. 

In the front Chamber. 

1 Chest of Drawers & Table alike, 1 looking Glass, 6 
Chairs covered with Check (1 broken in the closet with 
p.^^ of the Bed ornament [and] the Family Arms'^), 1 
Coach top Tester with eas}- Ch.'" like it, 1 folding screen, 
M."" Jacksons Picture & a Thermometer. 

In the Entry. 
Chest [on] Chest of Draws, Mehogou}' Fire Screene. 

In the middle Chamb.^ 
Chest^^ of Draws & Table alike, 1 Look.^ Glass, 5 
Chairs red covered with Callicoe, 1 Hearth Brush, 1 
Family Picture, 1 red Coach Top Tester. 

Kitchen Chamber. 
1 Chest of Draws, 1 Easy & 3 small red Chairs, 1 

I'Tliere is another copy of this inventory, in Lovell's handwriting-, in which is 
entered instead of " &c." " & checkers." 

18 In the otlier copy " the Family Uoat of Arms." 
"In tlie otlier copy "Japan Chest." 



187 

Look.? Glass, 1 Pine table, I p/ li.^ Irons. In the Closet 
an old Cabinet & 5 mingos & a Bed pan. a View of the 
Colleclges, 

1 Conch, 1 armed, 1 Fndling, 1 low leather, & 1 flag 
Chair, 1 Pine Tal)le, map of new Yk, Chest of ace.* Books 
lock.*^ & an old Trunk of Books in the Closet. 

'2^ Chamber. 
1 Bedstead & Bed & old green Coverlid. 

?>^ Chamb/ 
Pallet Bedstead & 2 Cots, 1 Bed & bedstead, 4 red 
leather Chairs alike, 1 Pine Table, 32 metzitintos, 4 
painted on Glass, 1 Sampler & 2 views. 

Cellar Stairs, a Candle Box. 

Cellar. 
A Cloath's Horse, a Bread Trough, 5 Greese Pots, 
pickling Tubs, a few Casks & a Beer Barrel, wash.^ Tubs. 

In the Shed. 
1 Fish Kettle, 1 Dining Leaf. 

In the Wood House. 
1 Cloaths Horse, 1 Window Ladder, 1 Washing Bench, 
iron bound Water Cask & 3 other Vessels for Water. 

I have given the Gentleman an Inventor}'. He prom- 
ises 10 fold Recompence for Damage, appears mightily 
pleased with a[)pearances and the Landlord, prays for you 
to come in upon the present Tenant quitting. 

lie is a very grave Gentleman w.*'* a very small Family. 

You will see that I consulted a mixture of use & orna- 
ment tho' the former in very small proportion. If either 
you or y*" Lady chose to have me remove any particular 
Thing or all, 1 will do it instantly. Especially give me 
Diriction ab.* the Desk & Book Case whether you would 
have me trust any of the Papers there or move all out of 
the Desk and leave the Book Case or take the whole 



188 

Home & send my own Desk to fill the Place. I must do 
that or send D/ Gardner's for want of good Room, either 
of which I can do and will sooner than 30U shall have the 
least Uneasiness ab.* the Papers remaininij or being mixt 
by moving, or I can remove the Book Case as it is and 
leave yJ Desk standing if the Papers of the Desk may 
be moved more easily than the others. You know I can 
take a Draw at a Time and lay them in the same mann"" 
into D.'" Gardners. 

I am now ready for the Commands of young master & 
miss as you will see by my next Invoice. I have pack'cl 
every Thing of China Ghiss in small assorted Packages 
which are then to be put into lock't Chests in my Cellar. 

I can give you a Specimen 
Box No. 1 cont.^ several difl'erent Boxes Ned, Sally & 
Mama. 

2 Pamphlets. 

3 Apothecary's Shop chie%. 

Trunk 1 Variety of Light Thino's the Draw beins; full of 
Books. 
2 China & Glass the Draw fill. 'J w.»" light Things. 
No. 4 Indian Box Cake Pans & illumination molds, 
both reserved for oiu- coming Days of Amer- 
ican Jubilee. 
No. 5 5 Burnt china Punch Bowls 
1 Sugar Pot & 5 Coflee Cups 
3 blue & white Tea Pots 
1 burnt & 4 blue & white breakfast Bowls 
6 bl. & wh. Patties 1 burnt Saucer 
&c. &c. 
I rejoice at hearing bj' Appleton that you are better. 
Do let me know Something ab.' Prentice & Gardner, how 
have they sojourned? 

I think to put a Brass Shovel & Tongs in the Front & 
Iron d.° in the middle Parlor. 

N. B. 80 Boxes of S. C. to Butler's Row Counting 
Room. 

(Directed) To M.'" Oliver Wendell or Mess." Appleton 
& Co. at Salem. To Care of Joseph Trumbull, Esq. 
(Endorsed) Boston, James LovcU. Received June 26."* 



189 

The following fragment of a letter in Lovell's hand- 
writing appears to have been written at about the date of 
the above letter : 

I shall follow yJ Direction in all Things when I can 
get it, and [use] conscientious Discretion till I have the 
Pleasure of hearing from you. 

And now, D.'" S.'', as to the most important Point. Be 
confident in the Deity, throw of an anxiety which is evi- 
dently undermining y'' Health. This Country, nay this 
very Town will soon rise to Glory and Peace from its 
present Condition ; therefore take the best Care of y"" 
Health, that you may yet again as heretofore be a great 
public Ornament and private Blessing. 

God Almighty defend & cherish you & all yours ; to 
whom pray name me & my wishes. 

The following letter has no date : 

It is my great Misfortune in my Desires to Serve you 
that I cannot frequently have y.'" Directions. Tho.^ Voax 

is in Possession of the House in G s Lane ; but the 

natural Consequences of the indiscrete Disposal of the 
Key took place before his Entrance. It seems some Man 
of War's men broke in last Saturday Evening, and went 
directly up into the Garret Chamber forcing off the Bolt 
of it, and then broke open fhe only one place of which 
M/ Dove had not the Key, without entering any of the 
lower Chambers. They turn'd Things up side down, and 
forced the Lock of a Bor of Papers ; whether they stole 
any Thing much or little I cannot judge. I think it is 
probable all the muster did not end in Breakage alone. 
Had I l)een one Moment hiter the Lady Tenant the sober 
Friend of M.'" D. would have been gone clear off. I 
arrived just in Time to receive her sacred assurances of 
Innocence. I acknowledge I should have thought her so 
if she had not let slip that neither ^M."" D. nor she knew 
what was in the Room l)ecause he had not the Key. If 
you recollect the Number it sort of Glasses or China and 
will mention it I shall l)e able to see whether the Room 



190 

has not been thinnecl. I shall repair the Lock of the Box 
and put up the Papers in an orderly Way so as to give 
you some future ace.* of thcni. 

It has been utterly impossible to make the desired Re- 
moval of Stock. And, as to the Note of Hand to be 
discharged, the Proprietor of it is desirous of having 80 
Boxes or as many more as will pay the whole at 2^ 6. 
M/ Hewes let son George have a large Quantity at that 
Rate, who will keep up the Market at 2^ 8 I suppose. 
Having try'd in vain to get a Letter down to you to know 
w'hether you would consent, I consider with myself the 
Risque of the whole, and the corroding Nature of Inter- 
est, and the Length of Time which would naturally be 
taken up in retailing the Quantity already fabricated, 
among the few Customers which I should obtain in the 
Face of so industrious a Merchant, and therefore have 
said I will deliver what are now on Hand at 2^ 6. I think 
to have more made as long as Custom can be found, 
which G. E. says is not to be had. Most on Hand 
were at 2^ 7 according to Directions left as to 3's 4's & 
5's so that I hope y"^ Approbation in the fall of a Penny. 
I hope for 2*^ on every Box I may sell heareafter, as I 
know that is the determined Price of the expecting 
monopolizer. As to the past 2 only of 9 w^ere Fives & 
therefore at 2^ 8. 

Whatever is not expeditiously done to serve you, you 
are charitably to put on the Page of Fate rather than In- 
dolence. Oil will not Sell. I have had it cooper'd & will 
watch it constantly. The Day Book sh.*^ not have been 
carry'd aw^ay. Smith the Lighter wants to settle with the 
Select Men. 

I have never had a Line from My dear Neighbour to 
disaprove my Conduct in Regard to Doc* Morris. I hope 
he thinks as Avell therefore of the Proceeding as I con- 
tinue to do. 

The Bearer will see D. G r and will be instructed 

by you in the History of the little matters sent long since 
to y^ care. 

Need I say I wish you & yours every Blessing? 

James Lovell. 



191 

No mention was ever made to me by N s about the 

Chance of a Market hinted at by y*" worthy Partner. 
(Endorsed) Boston J. Lovell. Letter to N. Appleton. 

Some of Mr. Lovelt's letters were intercepted and the 
information obtained from them proving his bitter hos- 
tility to the royal side rendered him particularly obnox- 
ious. He was impiisoned with John Leach, teacher of a 
navigation school, and Peter Edes, printer, June 29, 
1775. Leach and Edes kept journals which give an 
authentic and vivid account of the Ijrutal treatment which 
they and their fellow prisoners received. They seem to 
have found nothino- so hard to bear as the incessant 
"swearing and blasphemy" of the British officers and 
soldiers evidently intended for their annoyance. Leach's 
Journal is printed in the N. E. Hist. Gen. Reg., Vol. 
XIX, p. 255. Another letter, written by Lovell Avhile 
imprisoned, Dec. 9, 1775, will be fount! below. 

The following letter was written by Mr. Appleton : 

Andover, June 21, 1775. 
Brother Pilgrim 

This informs you that (mother Rowlandson 
like) I have made a second remove, have got a very com- 
modious House, considering the times, about 2 miles from 
the grand country road — if you come to see me, take* 
your directions of Mr. French, or if you write direct to 
his care. I have been hoeing my Potatoes & Beans 
to-day. You''^ say bro."" Nat is in good spirits, but be 
assured extremely anxious for our public affairs. I went 
to Cambridge last fryday. Father remains poorly, but 
we removed him to y."" good Sister Phillips's that after- 
noon. Next day as wife & I were returning home thro' 
Cambridge met the Express going to Congress informing 
the regulars had Landed at Charlestown, we tacked 
about, went thro' AA^oburn to Salem & was constantly 
presented with the melancholy appearance of the lire at 



192 



CharlestoAvn. I m„st drop a tear over B,-o. M'avvcu I 
could have wisl^ed he liad never accepted the Mih-Jar 

c.uable ni [other] Departments makes his loss c,,eatl 
telt Ihese are dark circumstances, but not discouni-in<y 
I think Ave are right, tho' ill-deserving. The numbf) 
slain on our part much less than first "supposed, n ex 
ceeding 60 or 70, while that of the enen y much larger 
Oh, may our Good God yet preserve us & direct u?7 
the present most nnportant crisis. Hope you & Lady &} 
enjoy healt. Hope bro.'" Jimmy will do'somethinTfo 

toS^^r^d?'""'^^^'^^'^^^^^^^^^ 

P. S. an old letter from J[immy] just come to hand| 

mov'ecl iod^y'"" " """'^^ ^" ^^^^ '''''' "^' ^'^ ^^^^^^ - 
(Directed) To Mr. Oliver Wendell I 

to the care of M.'' Jonathan Jackson, Merch.» 
In Newburyport. 
(Endorsed) Andover Juno 21.^' 1775. 



,, , ,„ , „ Chelsea 26 June 1775. 

M."- Wendell 

Sir, The people in Chelsea have been & are 
now moving thear Eftects away further back into the 
Country and it is the Opinion of all that we are iu Dan- 
ger of another visit from the Regulars. I do wish if it 
IS agreeable to your Judgment that vou would oive me 
Orders to Gary your Cattle further back for I am afraid 
that unless they are Remov'd you will loose them. I 
delivered two Cows according to your order. I have o-ott 
some people to go on the Island & how the Corn & pota- 
tose & Garden to the halves & 1 do desion, God willing*- 
to mow what I can. The Cow that was Sent up last 
Summer to M. Williams is Calved c^^ the Calf is dead the 
Cow being hurt as I suppose. I should be Exceedino- 
glad to be directed by you at this difficult time that I may 



193 

know how to proceed for I should be Exceeding Sorry to 
see liny further h)ss to you. 

I am Sir your hum.^''^ Serv.* W.'" Harris. 
P. S. I have brought one Cow & Calf up to M.'" Up- 
hams, 1 have sold one calf to M.'' Stowers, also sold 126 
of wool at 8^ 3. 

(Directed) To M.'' Oliver Wendell in Kingstown. 

To the Care of M.'' Applcton at Salem. 
(Endorsed) Chelsea 26 June 1775 W.'» Harris Letter. 

The following list is in the handwriting of Henry Pren- 
tiss : 

Account of things at M.' Timothy Uphams-" in Lynn. 

2 Feather Beds & Bolsters & 2 Pillows. 
Nancy's D.'* 

3 Pugo-s & 2 p.'- Blanketts. 

1 Trunk of Linnen that ^L'® Wendell sent to Island. 

Bundle of Plate that UJ' Wendell pack.*^ up & sent 

to Island. 
1 Trunk with y*^ Island Liimen. 
1 Silver Porringer & Spoone. 

At M."" Joshua Cheevers. 
Box of Books. 
Bag of Papers in M,'" Harris Ches[t]. 



Andover June 28.*'' 1775. 
Dear S.-" 

I have wrote you once (I think severall times) 
since I saw you last, but have rec.'' none from you. We 
are settled in a commodious House tho' 2i miles from the 
meeting house on the Road to Dunstable. We see many 
of our Friends tho' we dont live very nigh any. My 
Father is at your Sister Phillips's. I went down last 
Sabbath in hopes to bring him up to my House but found 

=» Timothy Upham of Saiigus, weaver, was a brother of Jabez Uphani of Brook- 
fleld, ])hysician, who was the grandfather of the late Charles W. Upham of Salem 
(see N. E. Hist. & Uen. Register, Vol. xxiii, p. 37). 



194 

him so weak that he could not bear removing, we fear 
ho will leave lis soon. I purpose to go tomorrow to 
Watertown. I have rec.*^ a Letter from bro/ Jiuimy 
which [I] inclose you. I believe he will be of great ser- 
vice to us, I pitty him, hope to reward him. Nicolls 
conducted very oddly. He left the key of my House 
with Dove who let in a woman of the army, who let in 
Men of Warr's men who have broke into my lock'd 
Chamber as you see by J. L.'s Letter. Nicolls can't find 
the last Mem.° book (not the red one) in Avhich all hitter 
matters are enter. ^ He thought he brought it away in 
his pocket but can't find it. He came out with a young 
woman to whom (as John says) he pays his addresses; 
to this ace.'' I would charitably ascribe his late conduct. 
You have never informed me exactly where our Head 
matter is that was carry.'' to Chelsea. I want to remove. 
Do let me know where your sheep's wool is, & how much 
3'ou have & Avhat the price. I have some expectations of 
giting you a market. We are all pritty well, hope you 
& Family are so, but shall be glad to hear it. 

y."" Friend, N. Appleton. 

(Directed) To M."" Oliver Wendell to the Care of 

Mess.® Jackson, Tracey & Tracey Merch.** 

In New bury port. 

(Endorsed by O. W.) Andover 28."' June 1775, 

N. Appleton's Letter. 

(Also endorsed) Monday noon Received & p.*" first 
opp.° to be forwarded by your aff.'*' J. Jackson. 



Andover July 13.M775. 

Having a good conveyance I improve it to write you. 
I presume you." be at Concord notwithstanding j\I.'' 
Al[onz''] Hill's timidity. I think it will be a slight 
upon the Congress not to have a considerable attendance, 
besides it will be a good opp." of seeing a number of 
Friends. It you sett out very early Monday Morning 
you can git to my house to an early dinner & then we can 
proceed to Watertown or Concord that afternoon. It is 



195 

said Gen.' Washington has laid some messaires before our 
Congress from Gen.' Gage l)nt wliat I can't learn. It is 
said Cap."^ Darby is arrived & that the Parliament are 
summon.'', to meet immediately, how true I can't say. 
We are all pretty well, messenger just going, our best 
regards to yourself & good Lady &c. 

Y.^ Friend & Servant, N. A. 

(Directed) To M.'' Oliver Wendell 

In Kingston. 

(Endorsed) July 13.^^ 1775 N. Appleton. 



Andover Aug.* 16. "> 1775. 

Having opp.'' to send to Newbury, improve it to let 
you know Ave are Avell. I hear'' from Father yesterday. 
He continues to grow better. Mrs. Phillips family well. 
Do w^'ite me where 3'ou are & what about for I can't 
learn. Hope you possess.'' yourself of molasses from 
Toppan &c. Query how stands our contract with Messrs. 
Tracey, about Rum. We were to take Rum in April. 
Are we benefited by the rise of it? If not our debt 
ought to be on interest. I hear there is a plan at Court 
for redeeming our friends out of Boston. 

Y.' N. Appleton. 

(Endorsed) Aug. 16."' 1775 N. Appleton's Letter. 



Andover Aug. 28 1775. 

I was at Watertown last Saturday. Mrs. Phillips is 
desirous of seeing you ab.'your Bro."^ Hunt who is at her 
House very unwell Avith his Daughters & Servant. She 
is at a loss how to accomodate them, wants to consult 
you. I have not heard from you for some time. I Rec.'* 
a Letter last Saturday from Master Lovell who is still 
confined, but in good spirits. He writes me he has sold 
80 boxes & better than two tons Oil, paid Mr. Erving-^ 

21 George Eiving.a loyalist merchant of Boston ? (see Drake's Diet, of Am. Biog- 
raphy, p. 309). 



196 

£280 & has more to pay liim. The Works have l)cen 
broken open once or tAvice but no creat damaije as he can 
learn. They took okl Blls. Tubs, &c. &c. for'fnel. Tho' 
Voaks also writes nie a long Letter. He has the key and 
says he visits the Works every day & promises to take 
the best care he can, but proposes that we should appoint 
some person to manage our affairs while M/ Lovell is 
confined. I was in hopes you had wrote to M."" Brimmer 
when at Chelsea. I understand he is still in Boston. I 
think he would be a very proper person, it is said that it 
is necessary to give a Power of Attorne}^ to some person. 
I shall l)e glad if 3'ou will come down this way that we 
may consult what is proper to be done. Mr. Lovell inti- 
mates that he expects to be out soon, tryumphant over 
his Enemies & then hopes to serve us more effectual than 
before, not spending his time idlely schooling the children 
of a pack of Villians as he calls them. Gen.' Robinson 
has taken Possession of my House but can't learn whether 
he proposes to pay any Rent. Deacon Boynton not _yet 
out. It is very sickly in Town, it is said more die weekly 
of the Inhabitants than when all the Inhabitants were 
there. M."" Scollay has lost his eldest son. 

Father was very clever last Saturday P. M. We are 
all pretty well, hope 3'ou and family are, hope to see you 
soon. Y"" friend. 

N. Appleton. 

(Directed) To M."- Oliver Wendell 

lu Kingston 
^ Newhampshire. 

to be left at M.'' Jn.« Appleton's 

In Haverhill 

(Endorsed) Andover 28"> Aug. 1775 N. A.'s Letter. 

{ 



Andover Sept. 28 1775. 

I was at Newbury a few days after you & understood 
you did something with my Cocoa, but I could not learn 
what. I wish 3'ou'd write a line to NicoUs & direct him 
where it is, & order him to receive the Chocolat & put it 
up into Boxes to wait for my orders. A few days since 



197 

I rec.'^ out of Boston a Letter from Messrs. Dupuis & Co. 
ackuoAvledging the receipt of our Oil .and tliat thej had 
sold it at £38 p.'" ton. They expect to send ace' Sales 
next Vessell. The}' enter a little upon the Times, but 
excuse themselves from enlarging on that subject, as they 
expect their Letter will be o[)ened. I have not rec.*^ a 
letter from Deacon Boynton since I saw yon, but in one 
he writes his wife, he desires her to inform me he is busy 
at the Works & will Avrite me soon. There were no 
boats passed all last week & I do not understand that any 
have this week. I doi^'t hear any late news. I was at 
Watertown last Wed. Thurs. & fryday, Mrs. Phillips & 
family well. Father continues very comfortable. Write 
me Avord when you expect to move & where. We are all 
pretty well. In hast 

y Friend & Servant, N. A. 

P. S. When you come next, bring your ace* with the 
Comp.'^ 

(Directed) To M."" Oliver Wendell at Kingston, New 
hampshire. 

(Endorsed) Andover Sept. 8.'" 1775 N. A.'s Letter. 



Andover Nov."" V^ 1775. 

I Rec.*^ son Nat's Letter dictated by you, & note the 
Contents. I have not yet wrote to the Deacon not know.^ 
exactly what to write; considering the impractability of 
giting money out of Boston I approve of what you wrote, 
for it was with that view that I proposed a suspension 
hoping to git some out & afterwards to pay them. My 
two last Letters to Boston with the orders upon seveial 
persons & all the particulars I could think of relating to 
the AVorks still remain at Winisimet ferry, therefore I 
have thought of going down as soon as I can & tak.^ up 
those Letters &c., & from them collect such particulars 
as I may think necessary to write. I shall observe your 
caution of secrecy. I should be glad to know what you 
wrote the Deacon about disposing of & distributing our 
Etiects. I would have him remove evervthing from the 



198 

works as fast as he manufactiircs, that we may have as 
little as possible in the works, if he has any money left 
after pay.^ those Gentl," I would have him keep it in 
Gold & sell of as fast as possible, especially the Oil. 
Your hhd. of sugar came up to m}^ House sate with the 
hhd. of press.'* stuff & the Ton of Oil. I apprehend 
from the late allarms on the sea coast that you will hardly 
move from your old quarters, tho' I think Newbury the 
safest seaport. Mrs. Appleton was, thro' Divine good- 
ness, safely deliver.*' of a son last ftyday Evening. She 
had a pretty comfortable time & very seasonable assist- 
ance. She has been about as well as usual ever since, 
tho' much troubled with the hcadake. The Boy I named, 
last sabath, Georsfc Washinnton. I have lono; thought of 
George as a good name to call, & there being none of that 
name in our family is a circumstance 1 ahva3-s chuse, & 
the addition of Washington as a memorial of the times in 
which he was born. Hope to have a line from you soon 
with all the particulars you think of, relating to our 
atfairs in Boston or Elsewhere. I have given you credit 
for the Bond. With respects to your good Lady & 
Children 

I remain 

Y.'" friend & servant N. A. 

(Directed) To Oliver Wendell Esq. at Kingston. 

(Endorsed) Andover Nov. l**^ 1775 N. A. Letter. 



Andover, Decemb.'' 6.''' 1775. 
Dear S.^ 

It is so lono; since 1 saw, or hear'* direct from you 
that I most forgit you. It is certain I don't know where 
yon live, however no news is good news therefore pre- 
sume & hope you are all well. I Kec.** a Letter some 
time ago from Amory & Rogers, ofiering 1^ 8*^ for our 
Candles, but I had no oppo. to answer 'till last Thursda3^ 
I wrote into Boston by a Flagg, I wrote the Deacon we 
could not by any means accept JNIessrs. Amory's offer (I 
think it was a very mean offer). Just after 1 had wrote 



199 

into the Deacon I Rec/' a line from him dated Nov. 20.*'' 
He acknowlidges the receipt of yours, he writes as fol- 
lows : "lam still in your business endeavoring to do all 
in my power to save your Interest, it is with the utmost 
dificulty I have paid Cap.* Erving & Mr. T. Boylston. I 
must let Messrs. Aniory & C.° this day have 40 boxes 
Candles to prevent further trouble. ■ I should have by 
this time got through your business, but have been obliged 
to do some business for some other persons, which I have 
'not time [to] be particular." He then mentions some of 
his own atFairs, & concludes "the times is vastly altered 
& altering, which makes it extremely dificult to do busi- 
ness." He incloses .me a letter from George Hayley 
inclosing an ace* sales of oil per Robson & ace* Currant. 
He sold the best £35 & ab.* 1^ Tons black at £30, with 
amazing charges, which reduces our Oil to ab.* £285 old 
p.^ Ton, it was charged £300. Messrs. Dupuis & C.** 
rec.'* their oil 2 month after Hayley [and?] sold it two 
months before him at £38 p.' Ton. He paid the l)allance 
to Jn.'' Amory £S6. 7. 6. but he has rec.'^ nothing from 
Bilboa as we order. '^ Lynch & JNIarony. I give you joy 
at the great Prizes lately taken, let me hear from you or 
see you soon. 

P. S. What can you lyiderstand by the Deacon being 
obliged to let Amory have 40 boxes to save trouble. I 
hear Tallow Candles are 18® p.'" lb. I can't learn how 
ours are sold. 

Do inquire of M.'" Ellis Gray wdiere his brother Edw. 
is that we may apply to him if we incline for his Debt 
ab.* £100 Ster.'^ 

(Directed) To Oliver Wendell, Esq. In Newburyport. 
favor. ^ by M.^' Searl. 

(Endorsed) AndoverDec. 6, 1775 N. Appleton's Letter. 



My worthy Friend 

The Goodness of y*" own Mind will pre- 
vent yon from reaching, by the Power of Imagination, 
the Height of the infamous C(mduct which appears from 
Day to Day in this Town. But, as you may happen to 



200 

light upon sonic of the Scape Goats from Point Shirley, 
you may be brought nearer to the Mark than otherwise 
you cou'd arrive. 

During all my Confinem.' your Bureau has been in my 
Mind, and lately, in paiticnlar, has given me great Un- 
easiness ; for Doct/ M s was warned .out, that the 

House might be made a Barrack. At length, however, 
tliat is over; and the Owner being of Age, has become 
Boarder to slim Jn.° Hunt, who is forced out of Sher- 
burn's and has got into y'" former Tcnem.', by which Sal- 
tonstall keeps both sides from the Light Horse, having 
also dropped £15 st.^ to the Doct.*' who was otl'ered an- 
other House for Nothing not so handy to his Charge. 
The Doct."" promises as honorably as at first respecting y*" 
Furniture, about which I became uneas}' ; because the 
otiicer who got suddenly into Neighbour Holbrook's, 
(upon a Stormy Day without the Key so as to prevent my 
poor worried Polly from taking away several valuables) 
being since forced to Master Carter's House, to leave the 
other for a Barrack, has taken away eveiy single Article ; 
saying that "the Gen.' knows no such Thing as Houses & 
Furniture left under Chai-ge of any Body but himself; 
and had given his Orders accordingly. 

]My Situation is such that the Villians may force me 
away in some of their Freaks without a Minute's Warn- 
ing. I therefore sent to Doct.'" Jef — s, who has altered 
his intention of going to London, and I desired him to 
take Charge of what is in y'" Bureaux, and what is pack't 
up in my Cellar, and the House Fiu'niture when D.*" 

M s quits ; But his House will not receive his Father's 

Goods which he is obliged to move now after having tilled 
himself up with other People's. All I can do is to take 
the Papers & every other Article from the Bureaux, and 

box them so as to put them under D.'" J s Charge; 

and get AL'' Saltonstall & your Relation to take a full & 
friendly Care of what is under the Roof of their House, 
when the present Tenant of the west Part leaves it, and 
also of what is in my Cellar, more than Polly will trans- 
port as her own, if we leave Boston. 

I was packing y'' Papers from the Biu'eau Draws last 



201 

Night by myself, after my 4 brother Jail Birds were in 
bed. Your little timiable Partner, as well as yourself, 
may be assured that the greatest Delicacy will attend this 
jNIeasure as 1 have not thought myself entitled to overlook 
those Papers upon the Packages of which either of you 
had made any note signifying the Contents, except one, 
which I burnt being only a few Touches wi-ote in trouble- 
some Times. 

Whatever I light of in the Slope or Case regarding 
Pence or Land, 1 shall see conveyed to you with what 
Little I have of my own that is worth saving ; as you 
may be wanting them to look into Titles in the Country 
in some of y"" Hides for Health. Perhaps you may give 
some small Hints of Direction thro' Deacon Boynton for 
me by a round about Description ; for no Line can get 
to my Hand, or, my Friends never make the Tryal. 

I grudge not my i)ast Suli'eriugs to that private Friend- 
ship which w^as the Cause of them. Nay, I glory in 
them ; as my Treatment is a most evident Proof of the 
just Jealousy of the many who fled from Ai)prehensions 
of a simihir Fate. The Wantonness of the Exertions of 
military Power against me and my most innocent Family 
should excite all who are out of the Reach of it to prefer 
Death rather than to come under it. The Savages of our 
Western Borders are Children of Nature, unworth}^ to 
hold a Candle to these scientitic Barbarians from Oxford, 
Cambridge, and the middle Temple, who lead the servile 
Tribes of Six[)enuy Murderers. 

(Endorsed by O. W.) Boston Dec. 9, 1775 J. Lovells 

Letter about n)y atiairs. 



Andover Dec. 25 1775. 
Dear S.-" 

I Rec.'^ a Letter last Saturday from Deacon Boyn- 
ton dated Dec. 1).^'' He docs not acknowlege the receipt 
of my two last that I sent in I)}' Roxbuiy lines, the one 
was dated Dec. 1.®* the other 13.'^' He w^ote me I learn 
by a Avoman Avho fearing she should be searched distroyed 
the Letter; in this last he incloses an order on Cap.' Geo. 
U 



202 

Williams for £60 L. M.'' which I shall present as soon as 
possible. Pie also incloses M/ Jn.** Gray's ace* with you 
& desires orders to pay it. I inclose it to you for your 
examination and orders upon it. The Deacon writes no 
particulars except that he is at the works. I licc.'^ a 
Letter from M.*" Hodgdon the Taylor dated latter end 
Sept.'" : he says he has been at our Works & they go on 
swimingly under the care of the good Deacon. Cap.' 
Procter tells me he hear.'' sperm Candles were 3® L. M.° 
Tallow 2^ 8. I wonder the former don't have a higher 
price. The Deacon does not say anything ab.' Amory.^ 
I have wrote him to day to go by Cap.* Procter who goes 
to Point Shirley tomorrow. Another cargo of Inhabi- 
tants is expected soon. I hear nothing new since the 
paper, except that two vessels are arrived at Casco bay 
from West Indies with molasses & Cotton &c., hope its 
true. We are all in good health. With compliments to 
Mrs. Wendell & family I conclude at present Y.'" Friend 
& Servant 

N. A. 

P. S. Coll." Abbot, brother to Sam.' died last fryday 
night. 

(Directed) To Oliver Wendell Esq. at Newburyport. 
(Endorsed) Andover Dec. 25, 1775. N. Appleton's 
Letter, p.*' [S.] Dashwood. 



Andover Feb.y 24.*M 7 76. 
M.^ Wendell, 

S."" : M."" John Van Emburgh, a gentleman 
from New Jerseys Avith whom I had some acquaintance 
ab.* four years ago, is now with us. He with some others 
had a vessel, taken by the enemy, bound from Lisbon to 
the Jerseys & afterward retaken by one of our Privateers. 
He came to claim his Interest, & has asked my advice 
what attorney to a[)iily to in case of need. I have recom- 
mended M.'' Lowell of Newburyport. This is to ask the 
favour of you to introduce him to that Gentleman ; this 
may perhaps be a perticular ftivour to a stranger, & a well 



203 

wisher to our Cause, which are circumstances I know that 
always recommend to your notice. With esteem I am S."" 
Y/ Friend & Servant 

Nath.' Appleton. 
(Directed) To Oliver Wendell Esq. In Newburyport. 
(Endorsed) Feb.^ 24."^ 1776. Nath.' Appleton. 



Andover 26.^^ Feb.>' 1776. 

I Rec.'* yours from Watertown, note the contents, & 
your caution, but wliy you should attribute How® treat- 
ment of the Deacon to poor little Geo. I can't conceive, 
as we are all liebels in their construction, & I can't im- 
agine that one is worse than another, especialy of two 
Congressions, neither in arms ; you say they hate me. 
Who? Surely amidst the 10,000 of Israel, little N. A. 
in Andover woods can't be of importance enough to be 
enquired after ; can you conceive that Grig, Will.™ or 
Dan (for I know of nobody else) could inform the Gen.' 
that I was one peg higher than you, therefore for my 
sake no more work shall be carried on. No Sir ! we are 
both, nay all out of Boston, are Rel)els, that have not 
by some means, conveyed a different sentiment. How- 
ever I am no way displeased at your caution, anything 
consistent with truth and the public good, so that we can 
but git our Interest. I have received a letter from Lynch, 
Killikelly & Morou}^ of Bilboa with an ace* Sales of our 
Candles & having remitted the Net proceeds to Mes.'* 
Hajdey & Hopkins agreeable to order. I don't under- 
stand the Spanish currancy therefore can't tell the price 
they sold for, nor the whole amount, but I imagine it to 
be £51. 16. 11.*^ Sterl.^, if so it will save the first cost. 
I suppose M.'" Amory will of course take up this money 
also, upon the strength of the bill we gave him. If I 
have a safe conveyance shall send their letter to you for 
explanation. Last Saturday one M.'" Van Emburgh of 
New Jersey.® with whom I had some acquaintance ab.* 4 
years ago, came to see me. He is this way to claim a 
Vessell that was taken by a man of war <&. afterwards 



204 

retaken by a Privateer out of Beverle^^ lie asked my 
advice what attorney to apply to in case of need. I rec- 
ommended M.'' Lowell & have wrote a line to you to be 
so kind as to introduce him, it is uncertain when he will 
present it. We are all well, hope your Family are, want 
to know how you succeeded with M.'* Fry ; hope you 
will be able to remove nearer to us. I shall depend upon 
a hhd. Rum & Molasses. Please to write first opp.*^ 
Y.'" friend & Servant 

N. A. 
Pray don't forgit to purchase from the Prize, 

f 1 Bll. Beef 
I 1 firkin Pnitter 
a few tongues 
a cheese 
(Directed) To Oliver Wendell Esq. 

In Newl^uryport. 
To the Care of Mr. Jon.* Jackson. 
(Endorsed) Andover, Feb.y 26."> 1776. 

N. Appleton's Letter. 



All of Mr. Appleton's letters written at that time and 
now in the possession of the writer have been given above 
in full. There are three other letters written a few years 
afterwards which are interesting as showing the changed 
condition of business. He was still connected with Mr. 
Wendell, but, instead of commercial transactions, agri- 
culture now claimed their attention. 

April 19, 1779. 

We have a p.^ of Diaper at M."" Sam Phillips's [in] 
Andover, which we want to have brought down, if you 
can bring it shall be glad. I propose you should cany 
some chestnutts to plant at Reading in a good spot in the 
Garden. You may carry some to M.'" Phillips & French 
&c. I am for trying some Rye, flax, Oats, & Barley to 



205 

see which suits our phice best. Do see how the young 
Apple trees are & luive the old ones trimed. Perhaps 
you'll think it best not fully to determine Avith Nutting 
about the wall till I sec you again, after knowing his 
whole proposals. Remember that we have potatoes 
enough sowed. Wish you a pleasant journey & am 

y.>- friend &c. 

N. Apple ton. 
(Directed) O. Wendell Esq. 
(Endorsed) N. A. Letter 19*" April 1779. 



S. 



Boston, Sept. 26, 1780. 



M."* Parker has been with me, and it now becomes 
necessary that we determine what to do with the Cyder 
on the Farm. I suppose we shall have 10 Bll."^ at least, 
therefore if you will contrive to git 5 Bll.* up, I will git 
5 & have them l)rought down together either to the ferry 
orround by Roxbury. Parker is to send word how cheap 
he can oit a Teem for either case. 

Let me hear from you soon. 

O. Wendell, Esq. N. Appleton. 

(Endorsed) N. A. about Cyder at Reading 1780. 



-^MJ Burnham has been with me about buying the 
Shoemakers Shop on reading Farm. He says you are 
willing to sell, so am I provided we can git a proper 
price, but it seems as if Parker ought to have some 
notice, or Brown who works in it, least they should say, 
they would have given as much as we sold for or more, 
either for the building itself or for a Rent. I am of 
opinion it Avill be as well to be out of the way. Burn- 
ham says it cost 40 DoU.^ when built, at 75 is 3000 Doll.* 
but as everything is so much higher I should think it 

22 No date but probably about 1780. 



206 

worth 5000 Doll.® If the above dificulties are removed 
in your mhid I shall be willing to sell at that price, & 
shall leave it with you. 

Y.'^^N. A. 
(Directed) Oliver Wendell Esq. 

Present. 
(Endorsed) N. Appleton's Letter ab.* selling Shop. 

The family letters of Dr. Edward A. Holyoke, Avhose 
practice in Salem covered a period of nearly eighty 
years, contain interesting allusions to the events of the 
Revolution. Dr. Holyoke was born Aug. 1, 1728, old 
style, at Marblehead. He commenced the practice of 
medicine at Salem in June, 1749, and died here March 
31, 1829. An excellent memoir of this eminent physi- 
cian, written by Dr. Peirson, was published fey the Essex 
South Medical Society in 1829. Another memoir by 
Rev. John Brazer, accompanying an "Ethical Essay" 
written by Dr. Holyoke, was published in the following 
year. 

Dr. Holyoke was residing in Salem, in 1775, in the 
house now the furniture warehouse of Mr. Israel Fellows, 
No. 205 Essex street. He sent his wife and family to 
Nantucket, whither many other Salem people repaired for 
security and refuge. It was thought that that island 
would be treated as a sort of neutral ground. Mrs. Hol- 
yoke went to Nantucket April 27, 1775, and returned to 
Salem July 22d. A number of letters passed between 
them meanwhile, and these have been preserved by the 
family, who have kindly allowed me the use of extracts 
from them. 

Mrs. Holyoke writes from Nantucket, April 29."', that 

''there is no provision to be bought here, neither salt nor 
fresh. There is not a tree upon the whole island, except 



207 

two or three round some of the doors. The town looks 
much like Marblehead, and the same khid of stairs with 
bannisters to get into the houses." "The people are very 
kind, particularly the Friends." 

May 2d. "Friend Hussey of Lynn & his wife have 
been here to see me. She is one of the prettiest faces I 
have seen. I live with their nephew" 

May 20th. "I accidentally met with Peter Glover of 
Salem this afternoon in a shop ; we were very glad to see 
each other. He kindly ofiered to carry a letter for me. 
The brig has not yet arrived but is daily expected." 

Ma}' 22d. "A Brig from Salem arrived last night. I 
was much disappointed at not having a letter, but was 
glad to hear l)y Mr. Pynchon's letter that things were no 
worse at Salem." "Friend Hussey and his wife of Lynn 
have called upon me several times and the women who 
have been at my father's'-'^ and grandfather's'"^ at Boston. 
I live now with a nephew of theirs and am going to live 
with a dauo;hter of one of them. The house I am o'oino- 
to is the only one on the Island that has Electrical 
Points." 

June 1st, 1775. "We were alarmed last week with the 
arrival of a Company of Provincials, as they didn't let 
their business be known at tirst, but it soon appeared they 
came for tiour & whale boats, of which they carried ofi' a 
large number & 750 Barrels of flour, some arms, &c." 
"1 hear Salem is quite alive. I wish we were all there 
in peace & safety." "I shouldn't chuse to be in Boston 
now, as it is supposed the whale boats are designed for 
that place. We hear 10,000 troops are at Boston, a new 
governor &, three new Generals ; but we have sometimes 
such surprising news, that now we hardly believe any- 
thing we do hear. I went yesterday with 2 Mrs. Folgers 
&c. in a Calash alias Horse Cart (which sort of riding is 
in taste here)." 

June 2d. "I have heard this afternoon that Mr. Whet- 
more goes tomorrow or next day." "Drank tea yesterday 
at old Friend Husseys with Friend Vassal." "We hear 

22 Capt. Nathaniel Viall. -* Jonathan Simpson. 



208 

there has been another skirmish. I think our people 
succeed in ull their undertakings, if our accounts are 
true ; it grieves me to liear of so much bloodshed." "The 
people I live with arc excec'ding kind ; we live very well. 
They have a handsome clock, points to the house, a tine 
walk on the top which commands the prospect of the 
whole Island." 

June 3rd. "Received a line by Capt. Folger this morn- 
ing, but as it was of the 15th of last month it afforded 
nothing new. We were all terribh^ disappointed, as we 
depended on this vessel for sni)plies." "Dr. Guilson has 
the chief practice and is in high esteem. I hope to 
return soon, or I don't know but we shall starve or beff. 
This world is chequered, & I believe we are now in one 
of the black checks, & if the game is as long as chess, 
we may never get into a Avhite one." "Mrs. Fitch has 
just called to tell me her husband will sail this afternoon 
for Salem." 

June 5th. She writes that she dined with Mrs. Fitch 
in company with Capt. Folgcr, Mr. Brattle, Capt. Calef, 
lady & two daugiiters. "Mrs. Williams, Mrs. Orne, & 
Mrs. Goodale were so rejoiced at seeing their husbands, 
that Mrs. Pynchon & Sally talk of coming to live with 
me, as we can sympathize with each other." 

"As to the place it is hilly & sandy, no rocks no more 
than there is in Carolina, nor trees except a few in gar- 
dens. As to the number of inhabitants I can't learn ex- 
actly, some guess 8000, some not so many. The houses 
are almost as compact as in Salem, they are all wood, 
shingled instead of Clapl)oard, the foundations brick in- 
stead of stone. I believe the chief produce of the Island 
is corn ; there is one cornfield of six miles long." "Great 
moeting will be here this month, & Sheep shearing, high 
Frolicks, both, but I l)elieve not this season." "Mr. 
Nutting wonders we came away, says we should have 
been safe at home, I told him we were more afraid of a 
man of war, than any thing else & were subject to con- 
stant alarms." 

June 14:th. "The Governor's Proclamation has just 
arrived here, they say, offering pardon to all, but Mr. 



209 

Hancock & Adams, on their laying down their arms. I 
hear you were under arms at the time of the ahirm." 

June 21st. "We hear there has been a terrible battle 
& that Charlestowii is destroyed, how m}^ heart aches for 
the poor sutTerers. I pray Salem may be spared, as well 
as every other place." "We have just had an account 
that Mr. Porter the lawyer was shot going to Quebeck 
with a letter. 

June 2()th. "I went last Thursday in a Calash to a part 
of the Island called Shimmer where a number of Indians 
live. We carried our provision with us. They treated 
us Avith roasted Paqvvavvs (a sort of clam). It is as 
pleasant there as at our fort — there is one wigwam left, 
Avhich was a great curiosity to me." "Mrs. Caty Pyn- 
chon has received a letter from i\Ir. Whetmore at Cam- 
bridge ; he says the Country is in dreadful confusion, & 
he thinks the Sea Ports stand a bad chance." 

July 10th. "I spent this afternoon at Mr. Jn.« Coffins 
with ^Ir. Vassal's family & Mr. James Bowdin & Lady, 
who are here upon a visit from INIiddleborough. He 
speaks so much like our old friend Judge Ropes that I 
hadn't him out of my mind this afiernoon." 

Dr. Holyoke writes to his wife from Salem : — 

May 1st, 1775. "There is no news of any consequence 
saving that the people are coming out of Boston. I hear 
Mr. AVm. Davis and family are l)ound to Halifax, where 
your Uncle Simpson's family is already. Dr. Prince 
sailed for the same place yesterday noon." "A vessel 
from Boston, last evening, brought about sixty of the 
inhabitants into our harbour, some of whom are bound to 
Connecticut and Halifax, and I believe some will tarry 
here." "We hear to-day that the General has again put 
a stop to inhabitants going out, on account, as is sup- 
posed, of the New York news." 

May 7. "Mrs. Higginson sailed yesterday for Halifax, 
with her brother, JNlr. liobie." "Miss Polly Glover re- 
ceived a line to desire her to return to Boston as soon as 
she could. She will go up to-morrow with Bill}^ Davis, 
in a sloop of his father's, which sails to-morrow from 



210 

Marblehead." "We remain as quiet at Salem as ever; 
the appearance of business in the streets but very little. 
Just now indeed a number of families coming: in from 
Boston occasions a little bustle." 

May 19. "A terrible fire broke out in Boston the night 
before last (we saw y"^ light very plainly at Salem), which 
destro3'ed a great number of warehouses, 1100 barrels of 
flour, and a large quantity of English goods. It seems 
as if that poor town was devoted to destruction." 

June 3d. "Mr. Davis and his wife and family, and one 
negro boy (for his other four negroes ran away), came 
and dined with us and have put up here for the present ; 
but he gives one piece of intelligence which makes me 
anxious about you, which is that a Capt. Richard Coffin, 
of Nantucket, whom he saw at Boston just before he left 
it, told him there were three hundred men of our provin- 
cial soldiers, under ye command of one Capt. Davis, 
were gone to Nantucket to prevent the King's troops or 
ships from getting any supplies from that island." Bos- 
ton "is in a most deplorable distressed situation, they are 
continually alarmed & I fimcy soon expect an attack & 
'tis said here to-day that the Gov. will not let any more 
persons come out of the town." 

June Gth. "Mrs. Hitty Hisfsiuson is arrived safe at 
Halifax." 

June 7th. "Mr. Davis & Billy are gone to Mrs. Gibbs's 
at Newton upon a visit & to see the camp at headquarters 
(as ye fashionable phrase is) at Cambridge." "The town 
watch and the military watch, which is kept every night 
at the fort, &c., make us more than commonly still." 

June 10th. "You desire to know how your friends are 
disposed of. Mr. Mascarene and family remain as they 
were, as also Mrs. Sargent. Mrs. Crowninshield, who 
went down eastward, is returned home again. Mrs. 
Johnston is here yet, but talks of going to Rowley. Mr. 
Cabot and Famil}' still abide here, as does also Mrs. 
Lowell. Mr. Jno. Appleton's family are at Haverhill, 
Mr. N. Appleton's are here yet, but going, I believe, to 
Andover." "The English goods begin to fail here al- 
ready. Our men are listing very fast here, between three 



211 

or four hunclred are gone from this town : the sailors and 
fishermen, as they have no other employment or support, 
go to ye army, and we are told there is a whole regiment 
of fishermen gone from Marblehead — good riddance 1" 

June 12th. "You enquire about the alarm; it was 
nothing that need have terrified anybody, but our people 
seem determined to be afraid of everything ; it Avas all 
over in an hour." "Peggy writes for paper, but it is not 
in my power to send any, as I have none by me, not a 
sheet, and there is not a single quire to be bought in the 
town of Salem, though Williams expects some soon from 
Milton, which, snch as it is, must answer." 

"Salem, Friday afternoon, June 16, 1775. 

As to the Military Operations here, I am not in the 
secret, so can give you no news of that sort, tho' the gen- 
eral voice is that there will soon be an Enofagemeut, and 
perhaps it may happen before this reaches you. It is said 
our People intend to take possession of Dorchester Hill, 
tonight, and whenever they do, it is also said they will be 
attacked by the Regulars. I pray God to prevent blood- 
shed, but I fear there will be a good deal. * * * J have 
some thoughts of sending off to Boxford a load of neces- 
sary furniture proper for housekeeping, but am a little at 
a loss about it. M."" Davis has engaged M."" Hooper's 
house in Danvers ; which he thinks far enough out of ye 
way and I don't know but he is right enough, but it is a 
situation I should not admire upon several accounts. 

Saturday, P. M. I have just rec.*^ a letter from your 
uncle at Hallifax ; he tells me his situation is very disa- 
greeable and that he shall not continue long where he is, 
if he can get away, which there is very little prospect of 
as there are no vessels there l)ut from Salem & Marble- 
head. Provisions very scarce & dear, no mutton, beef at 
half Pisterene per pound. Pork & Veal at 6^ 8 O. Ten."^ 
Butter 10.® He was very much surprised to think you 
were gone to Nantucket, or anywhere from Salem ; but if 
you were obliged to remove he thinks Nantucket the best 
place you could go to ; and he heartily wishes he w^as 
there &c. * * * I suppose before you receive this you 
will have heard of the resolves of the two Congresses 



212 

about supplying Nantucket & Ave must get leave of the 
Committee of Safety at Cambridge for every article we 
intend to put on board for you — this will render the dif- 
iiculty of supplying you much greater than it has been — 
however I should hope that you will not be obliged to 
tarry longer than August ; and if necessity obliges you 
to decamp sooner you can at any time leave the Island 
without any difficulty. 

Sunday, P. M. Well, my dear, I am heartily glad you 
are not here just at this time ; you would, I know, be 
most terribly alarmed. We had an appearance j'esterday 
of a most prodigious smoke, which I found was exactly 
in the direction of Charlestown and as we knew our men 
Avere entrenching on Bunker Hill there, we supposed the 
Town Avas on fire, and so in fact it proved, for in the 
evening (that is last evenir.g) Ave Avere told the Regulars 
had landed at Charlestown under cover of the smoke 
from ye buildings they had set fire to, and forced the 
Entrenchments on the Hill and had beat our men off Avith 
loss, & this mornins' our inteUi2:ence Avas that 400 of our 
men Avere killed & the Regulars had pursued our men as 
far as Winter Hill ; (tho' Ave just uoav learn that the Reg- 
ulars still keep possession of Bunkers Hill, & that our 
men are entrenched upon Winter Hill) & that there is 
a probability of further action soon, and that our loss 
amounts only to about 150 killed. Among the missing 
is Dr. Warren Avho it is said commanded a Regiment: 
Col.° Bridge of Billerica is said to be among ye slain, and 
Col. G[ardne]r of Cambridge had one of his thighs shot 
oft". The commotion here Avas so considerable, though 
none of our men Avent to ye Battle (as the northwest part 
of the Province and not the sea coast Avere called upon 
the occasion) that Ave had but one meeting house open in 
ye morning, — and this afternoon Avhile some Avere at 
meeting and others talking over ye action of yesterday, 
Ave Avere alarmed with an appearance of smoke at jNIarble- 
head, Avhich broke up ye meeting, & the people with their 
engines & buckets Avent over to extinguish the fire, and I 
among the rest, tho' I should have l)een glad to have been 
excused on account of the prodigious heat of the weather, 



213 

but as I thought that iiiKler Providence I owecl the pres- 
ervatit)!! of my House to the assistance from MarhU^heacl, 
Avhen we wore in the utmost hazzard, I could not dispense 
with going; but we were stop[)ed when about lialf way 
there, with an account that ye smolvc arose from a field 
of grass on fire, and that no building was hurt, so I re- 
turned home, and am now set down to rest and cool 
mj'self, and to give you this account. * * * Tuesday 
noon, June 20, 1775.- The destruction of Charlcstown 
by fire (tor it is all burnt down) has struck our People 
at Salem with such a panic, that those who before thought 
our Town perfectly safe, now are all for removing oti'; — 
but I cannot be apprehensive of any danger we are pecu- 
liarly in. * * * As almost every one is moving away, 
particularly Cap.' Williams, Derby, Gardner, Ashton, 
our neighbour Gardner & Dodge, &c., &c., I have it in 
contemplation to send off some necessaries for house 
keeping, if we should be driven away, but as to expen- 
sive turniture, such as looking glasses, chests of drawers, 
&c., the risk is so great in removing them that I think 
unless we are in greater jeopard}' than I think we are yet, 
I shall let them abide. 

Wednes.^' Morn.^ Dr. Warren is since known to be 
killed. Col. Bridge escaped with the skin of his, teeth, 
& Maj."- M"^Clarra is killed in ye action." 

July 4th. "Gur last accounts from Boston of the loss 
sustained by the Regulars, is much larger than at first 
apprehended. It is now said to stand thus : 700 private 
men killed or died of their wounds, C'2 Gfficers, 3 if not 
5 were field Gfficers, Col. Abercrombie, Col. AYilliams & 
Maj. Pitcairn and some say Maj. Duncan, & 104 Sar- 
gents & 90 Corporals ; a most terril)le destruction for an 
action said to have continued but forty minutes." 

Jul}' Cth. "I wrote you very largely by Cap.' Benj. 
Johnson of Lynn, who is for Nantucket by land. M.'" 
Whetmore tells me he believes either Miss Catey or Miss 
Sally Pyncheon will come home soon, they would be good 
company for you on the passage. You enquire al)out the 
Pickman family, they are all here & well,. but the town is 
very empty." 



214 

July 17th. "Mrs. Curwen, who went to Dunstable for 
an asylum, could not stand it but about 10 days or a 
fortnight & was as glad when she got home as a Galley 
Slave when released from his chains, & she is determined 
nothing shall start her again till she hears one Gun, at 
least, iired against the Town." 



APPENDIX. 

The following letters written by James Lovell, while 
he was a member of the Continental Congress, to Samuel 
Holten, also a member of the same Congress, are aj)- 
pended here as having a special interest in connection 
with Lovell's letters printed in the foregoing article. 
They exhibit the same vivacity of style and fervent patri- 
otism so conspicuous in the earlier letters, and also pre- 
sent us with a graphic description of some of the most 
serious and perplexing questions and difficulties of that 
anxious period of the Revolution. Samuel Holten, though 
by profession a physician, was always in public life. He 
was for many years Judge of Probate for the county of 
Essex, and for thirty years a Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas. The letters are in the possession of Mrs. 
]\[ary C. Putnam, widow of the late Philemon Putnam of 
Dan vers, who was a grandson of Judge Holten. 

Sep.^ 5."> 1780. 
Dear Sir 

I was yesterday much obliged by your favor of 
Aug. 21.*' which relieved me from a great deal of anxiety 
that I had been thrown into by my children under date 
of the 17.'"' Mrs. Lovell has indeed been very ill; per- 
haps she will not again be able to go thro' with the Care 
of so large a Family without me. My children catch at 
the Hope that you will contrive to get me Home. 1 wish 
for such a thing much, unless you can give me such 



215 

Grounds from the Settlement of your account as to lead 
me to conclude that I am not ruining myself past Remedy 
by staying here. I am willing to involve myself as far 
as my Quota. 

We have recalled the Com.*''® from Camp, have aimed 
to do Justice to the officers without giving in to Whims. 
Their Widows and Children are to have the 7 years half 
pay ; and the Clause which stopped the Pension upon au 
officer being elected to a civil office is repealed. 

3 millions Tax against the last of Dec.*" is called for 
and Justice is to be done to all who have supplied the 
public. 

We must have money at all adventures. Nothing Else 
is wanting to raise us again into Reputation, and prevent 
stupid plans of creating absolute Dictators to get supplies 
without paying for them. 

I write at the Post office having been forced to borrow 
a sheet of Paper from a Stranger in the neighborhood of 
it, such is its poverty. 

Your obliged and affectionate humble Servant, 

James Lovell. 
Hon.^i® Mr. Hoi ten. 

(Endorsed) A letter from Mr. Lovell Sep."- 5."' 1780. 

N. B. rec.*^ Sept.-- 21.^' ans.*^ 28."» 

Sep."- 10."' 1780. 
Dear Sir 

I send you by Cap.* Barry an Index to the Jour- 
nals of 1778. We have not yet the particulars of the 
Defeat of our army from Gen.^ Gates but we have an 
account from Gen.^ Nash to the Delegates of North Caro- 
lina much more favorable than we had reason to look for 
after the first Letter on the Subject. Mankind are so 
much governed in Judgment by Events that I fear Gen.* 
Gates will lose much Reputation. He thought he should 
have as much Lifluence with the militia in that Quarter 
as in another and therefore made several attempts [to 
rally] there till he was drawn far from the Spot where 
the action began ; and had a right to conclude on the 



216 

ceasing of the fire th.it the small Remains of his army 
was cut intirely off or dissipated. Being also among very 
disaffected people he woiihl have been momentl}^ exposed 
to be betrayed as he was without even a guard of Ilorse. 
He thought it his Business to endeavor to get from the 
general assembly at Hillsborough Something of a new 
Army. 

Had he stayed luckily with the small Body of Conti- 
nentals he would only have been blamed for not exerting 
himself to rally the militia, a trifling Slur to what he now 
meets with. 

I am persuaded there is a good Body of Men together 
by this time. I only fear about magazines &. arms. We 
have recommended Provision to be made there for 15,000 
as it is to be hoped that something may be done at the 
southward if nothing should be done in this Quarter. 

Indeed, my dear Sir, with a View of public affairs and 
my own domestic, just at this period, I cannot cordially 
pronounce "all for the best" tho' I have had Experience 
enough to be far from Despondency. It was very un- 
lucky that the money of oui- State should be seen in 
Sodom till the Quota of Pennsylvania had been offered 
to the people of that execrable City. 

And now, to our Family Matters. Mr. Pickering's 
Employment destroys our plan of being with his wife. 
He had made some purchases for us, \n\i we have so little 
prospect of finding a place in which to use the Furniture 
that I think we must dispose of it. It is small in Quan- 
tity and will even make a profit. He expected to be able 
to furnish us with money but is disappointed, and I am 
beat out from drawing on the State to the amount of 
my Wants by only a Sight of the nominal Sum. I have 
succeeded to Jerry Sheldon but I charge nobody with 
Quotas. Exchange is here 73 & 75, surely you are more 
reformed at Dan vers and Boston. 

Affectionately \ J humble Serv.* 

J. L. 
(Endorsed) Letter from Mr. Lovell Sep.'' 10.'" 1780. 

Ans.*^ Sep.'- 21.^' 



217 

Sep/ 12.^'' 1780. 
Dear Sir 

We have been ()l)ligccl to draw on the Treasurer 
for a great nominal Sum in favor of Col. Pickering 
79, 29 6 "old dollars 16,935 of w.<^i' are to pay him for 
those articles of Bedding which he procured for us when 
we had a plan for living decently with him instead of most 
disreputably where we are. The Bill ought to be paid in 
the old Emissions if your new is, as it ought to be, as 
good as silver. Because we have only rec.*^, at 72 for 1, 
llOli dollars, but the Treasurer will pay, at 40 for 1, 
1982f which will give a profit 881yV Col. P took all the 
articles to himself except the 3 Beds & Bedding which I 
hope will sell to profit or at least not to a loss. 

1 think you told me you paid 400 Board from the 12."' 
of June. I am charged from May 15."' 400 — from the 
3.'' of April to that time only 320. In addition to the 
news Paper you will hud a Paper tucked into the Letter 
for M.'" Gerry that contains favorable Intelligence. Sump- 
ter has had two good Strokes upon Parties of the enemy 
since his Surprise. I will really, my dear Sir, write to 
you, one of these days which are to make up the 3'ear 
1780, with a good Pen unmuddy Ink and not in a Hurry. 
Your Friend and most humb. Serv.' 

James Lovell. 
Hon.*^'^ Doctor Ilolten. 

Hazard tells me of the Buckles. 

(Endorsed) A letter from M.-" Lovell Sep.'' 12."' 1780. 



Oct. 3.d 1780. 
Dear Sir 

I thank you for your Remembrance of Sep."" 21.^' 
I hope your absence of four weeks was for the purpose of 
enjoying Health, not to seek it. Oh Doctor, I feel at this 
moment, Let me say it without wilful offence to any Class 
of Men! — I feel. Doctor, like a forlorn old cold sour 
Batchelor. Tartar Emetic warmed me a little but Sal 
Sennet has made me blue to the Fingers Ends. A pretty 

15 



218 

Fiiriii'e of a Gcntlemiin I am indeed to sfo to Con<?ress in 
raw northeast drizly weather to contrive how to raise feed 
cloath & pay an Army witliout one dolhir in the Treasury ! 
Very genial Employment to be sure it will be to listen to 
all the minute Detail of the Circumstances of a black- 
died treason ! By the B3'e Doctor, you are so good a 
Soul that "Altho' you have been a little perplexed al)out 
his accounts, you could not have thought that the honor- 
able Gentleman would have done just so as he has done." 

You see I am not too sick to divert myself by taking 
you off in your own Style: for I am sure you have not 
been brought to say any Thing more ^»^complimentary of 
Major General Benedict Arnold. Oh, dear Doctor, this 
Laugh of mine has its attendant Sigh. To what alas ! 
are Ave exposed in this best of earthly Struggles ! When 
will our Country be at Rest & her Liberty secured? ! ! ! 

I have I think already done myself the pleasure of 
sending you the Journals you mention. I renew the 
numbers which you may give into the Secretary's office 
for common Use if you find your own compleated since 
your Date of Request. 

Your Friend & h. Serv.* 

James Lovell. 

Compliments to Mr. Avery. I thank him for returning 
the Inclex. I will not omit water Carriage for the Jour- 
nals of 1778 for him tho' he has not yet acknowledged 
those sent by Cap.' Burke for 1777. He told me once he 
had not got them but I suppose he afterwards had them. 
Burke went in a little Boat to Providence Rh. Island. 

(Endorsed) A letter from M.' Lovell 1780. 



Philad.^* Oct."- 17, 1780. 
Dear Sir 

Yesterday I had the Pleasure of receiving your 
kind Letter of Sep. 23.** I wish indeed that I could give 
an account from this or other Potent States as favorable 
as what you tell of jNI.'" Appleton. I cannot come near 
it. I am sorry that Sheldon has been so unfortunate in 



219 

his Health when he has made so good a Change of Cli- 
mate. The poor Fellow must be quite off the Exercise 
of his Talent for Commerce. I expected he would have 
shined in the trading Line. 

M."" Partridge was so kind as to send me a scale of 
Depreciation. I imagine it will not be so acceptable as 
our continental one, but 1 leave that Subject to anotlier 
who is more touched with it than I. 

I expect in a short Time to see a printed account of 
your Elections on the new Constitution. There is one 
degree above "high Spirits ;" when a "gouty" man can 
show such, it may be expected that upon la3'ing aside his 
Flannel he will be in a "tip top" Flow. Under a weep- 
ing Cold I must close, with assuring you of my Esteem 
and AtFection as a Friend at your Service. 

James Lovell. 

Gen.^ Ward delivered me the inclosed & not being able 
to write particularly to you presents his Regards. 

(Directed) Hon.^'« Doct/ Holten. 

(Endorsed) A letter from the Hon.^ M.'" Lovell 

Oct. 1780. 



Oct.' 30."' 1780. 
Dear Sir 

Your Favor of the 19 is a pleasing Testimony 
before ray Eyes that you were then well. And I thank 
you for the kind memorandum in regard to the Health of 
Mrs. Lovell. 

If I at any time send you a surplus Journal 3^ou can 
deliver it to M.'" Avery. I now forward July & Sep."" I 
suspect you will find one of the former in the Secretary's 
office with your name. It is not however a matter of 
Importance equal to the Search. Gen.^ Green & Baron 
Steuben are going to the Southward. The Enemy have 
landed in Virginia and I presume mean to take Post at 
Portsmouth accordius; to what was long ago mentioned in 
Campbel's Letter which has been printed, but the Ken- 
tuck's mad Folks have not been alarmed by that notifica- 
tion. Gov.' Jefferson writes with a proper Spirit and 



220 

Nelson acts with the same. But the latter is not able to 
prevent the invaders from securing such Passes as suit 
their Views. I fear we call for too many men to have a 
proper Army. I think myself Soldier enough to do the 
Business of this Continent with 25,000 well armed well 
cloathed and well fed Efiectives, much better than with 
double the number deficient in those three points. I hope 
Mass. will rival all the other States in Vigor for the next 
Campaign. I am persuaded you do not comprehend how 
much depends upon her. You did not carry home con- 
temptible Ideas enough of the negro States or of this 
ffreat Bragijadocio. 

My Eyes are better than when I last wrote but alas I 
have lost my Spectacles and have had 3 laborious writing 
Days without them to which were added Evenings and 
Nights therefore now to Bed. 

Aifectionately yours 

James Love 11. 

(Endorsed) A letter from Mr. Lovell Oct. 1780. 



Dec.^ 5 1780. 
Dear Sir 

Ygur favor of Nov. 16."' with a Gazette reached 
me yesterday. You suffered so much in your mind & 
Body when here that I will not send you any of the ill 
pictures w^hich with various Signatures come daily on to 
our Table. I hope you will find much Satisfaction in the 
short Letter from Gen.' Gates. Wemyss was a very val- 
uable officer to the Enemy. 

You may amuse yourself also as one of the medical 
Class b}' reading the Epistle of Rush to Shippen in which 
you will find the Writer has relieved himself a little upon 
me. Shenstone's Benevolence made him loish that he 
could afford to have his Pockets picked frequently. I feel 
a portion of his Spirit operating upon me at this Time; 
\Micn I see poor Rush swelled near unto Bursting, I 
cannot doubt but that he finds some Relief by throwing 
about his Slaver and Froth, therefore ^vheu it falls upon 



221 

my Cloaths I slight the Injury because he finds so much 
Ease in his terrible Case. 

I have said to some of you m}^ Friends last Week that 
Mr. Adams had in a masterly & Independent stile de- 
fended the Resolves of March 18 against the opinions of 
Count de Vergennes. 

He showed that the true value of our Paper was its 
currant Rate. That the public Faith which is said to be 
broken is a mutual Contract between the public and the 
Individuals who compose it, that either may break it, the 
Public by not paying the promisory Note when it has had 
an equivalent or the Individual by not giving that Equiv- 
alent when he takes the Note. That Government will 
wrong the Public by paying off Notes, current at 40 for 
1, by 40 hard for 40 paper as much as if they paid 40 
hard for 1 paper when the Emission was current at par. 

He says no Distinction can be made between French- 
men & other Foreigners or between any Foreigner and 
native Citizens. That all Foreigners become temporary 
Citizens. That they made such Profits as to be able to 
lose 3 Ships in 5, and this he proves by the prices of pur- 
chases and Sales. That they run no more Risk of Sea & 
Enemy than the Natives did in Trade. 

That France is as much benefitted by trading with us as 
we are by trading ivith her. That 'the merchants of' Eng- 
land hacl much more due to them when Mass. called in a 
Currency at 7i and that the King ever partial to his own 
Subjects in England against those in America would not 
have confirmed the Law of Mass : if both he & his Coun- 
cil had not thought it just in Regard to the British as well 
as wise in the Americans. That France will doubtless 
form the same Judgment upon the present measures when 
she is as fully informed. That he (M.'" A.) cannot at- 
tempt to persuade Congress to alter a Resolve the Wis- 
dom and Justice of which has the fullest Approbation of 
his own Judgment and his most cordial Wishes for its 
Success ; That as a plain and candid answer to a Ques- 
tion, he must say he thinks sucJi Proceedings the only 
Way to gain & preserve Credit al)road because they dis- 
cover Wisdom Justice & also Vigor in the American 
Governments. 



222 

I have injured his long Letter by these Extracts, but I 
give you and other friends some Satisfaction. 

YJ affectionate 

J. L. 
(Endorsed) A letter from MJ Lovell, Dec/ 5/" 1780. 



Dec."- 19, 1780. 

I was unable on the last postday to thank you for y."^ 
favor of Nov.' 23.*^ — then, thro' want of time — now, I 
am scarcely able thro' much Indisposition of Body to 
notice largely all the Points to which you expect my 
attention. As to Bermuda 3'OU seem to have conversed 
more W'ith merchants who own Privateers than with Poli- 
ticians who know the great Portion of our friends in Ber- 
muda above our Enemies a Portion which ought not to be 
driven into the mode of fittinsj out Cruisers who would be 
as troublesome to us as they were to the trench formerly. 
As to the Duck in the Agents hands orders have been 
given. As to the Resolve of Nov."" f^ respecting our 
Delegation, Circumstances at this moment make Remarks 
very requisite. 

I have been ill 4 days tho' I have had a pen in my 
hand all the Time in my Chamber. Gen.' Ward is quite 
unwell, he has attended Congress (& the B.'^ of War while 
he ought to have been in his Bed Room. M.*" Adams is 
not out, 1 fear he is also unwell. It Avas to make up a 
Delegation that I have risqued myself this ver}' vile day. 
Questions on European important Concerns are agitating ; 
and single Voices serve several States, as always hereto- 
fore. I do not mention this because I am averse to the 
Rule of our State that 2 should be the least to give her 
Vote here especially when she directed 5 or 4 to attend 
^^ujpon the Duties of the .Delegation." Nay if she does not 
enjoin that upon more than 3. But when she makes 3 
necessary ''to. give the Voice of the State" she puts a great 
hardship upon 3 when only 3 are attending the Duties of 
their Delegation and runs a treble Risque bejond several 
States of losing her Vote here daily. Mass. has been at 



223 

extraordinary Expense beyond many states in furnishing 
heads and hands to perform Congress Drndgery, and her 
members have more of the Work of standing Boards & 
Committees than most others, because their Residence has 
been more usually permanent ; This has exposed her to 
lose a Vote when she has made numbers necessary to give 
it. One of her Delegates may often render tenfold Ser- 
vice on the Board or Com.*'''' of which he is a member by 
serving an entire day on it than by being in Congress 
merely as a make-vote. You well know these things by 
your past Sufferings, and M."" Gerry has felt them at the 
Peril of his Life. Whatever may have been the Intention 
of a remarkal)le Variety in the Course of 4 years respect- 
ing the Voice of Mass: here, I do believe that in the 
present Case the Words do not speak the Intentions of 
the Movers of the Eesolve. I am so persuaded of that, 
as to determine not to present the latter Vote to Con- 
gress with the proceedings of Oct. 4, more especially if 
one of us here shall be unwell; — till I hear more from 
you. I am almost determined not to write any more to 
you for either my Letters must be quite insigniticant or I 
must tell Tales to the Enemy. 10 or 11 of those I wrote 
Nov."" 20 & 21 are gone into N. Yk. Among them those 
to M."" Gerry (inclosing one I think from M.^' J. Adams), 
Doct.^ Holten Docter Whit well Mrs. Adams (inclosing 
one certainly from her Husband) Gov."" Hancock M.'" S. 
Gridk^y with my Rhode Island & Family Letters. I am 
told two mails trom hence are laying at Fish-kill. There 
are some immense Genii in the Post office Department 
but I am told they say the Faults of Congress marr their 
Plans. 

Y."" Friend and h. serv.* 

James Lovell. 
(Directed) lion.''"' Doctor Holten 

Philad.^ Boston. 

Ja.^ Lovell. 

(Endorsed) A letter from M.-" Lovell Dec' 1780. 
rec.*^ the 4."' Jan.^ answer.*^ ll.''^ 



224 

Janjy 2.^ 1781. 
Sir 

Some cliiys airo I got Sio:ht of one of my Letters to 
M/ Gerry published by Jemmy Rivin2:ton, but tho' I 
wrote to you on the same Nov/ 20."' I do not find thro' 
the same Chanel what was the nature of the Scrawl. I 
have, at some time, told you that I should aim to per- 
suade my Colleagues to keep back the last Rule laid down 
by the Assembly for the Government of the Delegates of 
Mass : in Congress because from the very wording of the 
Resolve as well as from your Letter of a Date which I 
cannot now recollect, I am convinced that the intent was 
to oblige not more than 3 to attend on the Duties of the 
Delegation. I have so far prevailed as to get the Gentle- 
men to wait for some Explanation, but we have agreed to 
be all together punctual in attending to give our Voice, 
that we may not become culpable if such was the real 
intent of the Resolve ; but this very day proves what I 
before wrote, that I could be much more usefully em- 
ployed in my Chamber than here in Congress, a packet 
boat beinjy under absolute order for Sailins; to France. 

The Paper of Duulap is not a neios Paper Today. 

Yours affectionately 
J. L. 
hon."'^ Doct.'- Ilolten 

(Endorsed) A letter from M.>- Lovell Jan.^' 2.^ 1781. 



IG Jan.'y 1781. 
Dear Sir 

Wa had yesterday no Post from the eastern Side 
of Hudson's River. I inclose a paper for M.*" Jay which 
you will be pleased to send to the Navy Board. I am 
mortified by knowing from M."" Laurens that the Letters 
"given to him l)y IM."" Lovell and the Admiralty are in 
the Enemy's Hands." 

J. L. 
(Directed) Hon."'° Doct.'' Ilolten. 
(Endorsed) A letter from M.-^ Lovell Jan.>' 1781. 



225 

Jan. 23." 1781. 
Dear Sir 

You will have found, on seeing M.'" Gerry that I 
endeavor to economize. I told him that "M.'' Dana had 
a Commission" for Russia, and I referred him to my 
"Scrawl to you" for other Points. JMaryland confeder- 
ates, Virginia seems to give away SometJnng for the good 
of the Union and recommends to others to do the like. 
I will aim to get the Act long enough to find Time to 
copy it, if M.'' Otis does not leave this City today. The 
Com.'^« of April 10."', 80 on Depreciation for the Staff 
was tilled up Jan.^ 5."' 81 and the Instructions to the 
Delegates of Mass : were referred. Money is exceed- 
ingly scarce here vet Exchange is from 100 to 115 old for 
Silver. Loaf Sugar 2^ 6 or 36 dollars p.'' lb. I pay 200 
for Stockings and the same for Shoes. Compulsion is 
urged as a congressional measure by Jersey & Pensylv.^ 
but I think we are become too wise. Things appear to 
M.'" J. Adams Oct : 24 to indicate a malignant Continu- 
ance of War on the Part of Britain. 

I should have mentioned that Maryland has limited the 
Time beyond which she will not receive the old money. 
I wish I could ])urchase up all your new. It will most 
assuredly be high in Credit soon, tho' it seemed a little 
while ago as if the other States meant not to act in con- 
cert upou the Plau of the 18 of March. 

We are determined it shall have its Chance of Success ; 
We, mighty Men, totally dependent upon 13 Legislatures 
different in Views, for Support in our smallest Endeavors 
to carry on the War. Lideed, my dear Sir, we are in a 
Condition as to payment of our Debts that is most tor- 
menting. All our Creditors must loan to us, and I sup- 
pose most of them would willingly do it if they saw their 
interest certain against the due Day. I wish you w.*^ tell 
me upon what llesolve it is that our Court have acted in 
Regard to advances to Allen the Lidian Agent. I can 
only find Jan.^ 8 and May 13 1777 which my Colleagues 
say is not what they have supposed to be at all. I will 
continue my Search. M.'' Gerry had a memorand.'" of 
the secret Resolves of all the years. We have some cold 



226 

Weather at last, but it is more whoIef^o?ne than the past 
wet warm Season. I hope you have Health. I wish you 
that & every Happiness. 

Affectionately J. L. 

(Directed) Hon.'''^ Samuel Holten Esq. 

fav.*^ by Mr. Otis Boston. 

(Endorsed) M."- Lovell's letter Jan.^ 2d.^ 1781 
[Rec.<^] Feb.y 28 Ans. March 1. 



Feb. 8, 1781. 
Dear Sir 

I have received your Favor of January 18."' and 
have delivered the one inclosed to Doctor Duffield. 

The Speech of the King of Engl.*^ to his Parliament, 
and the narrative of Brigadier Morgan's Success shall be 
inclosed for your Information at the latter you must re- 
joice with Fear. It was in itself the most compleat 
action of this War, but I do not forsee adequate Conse- 
quences. Our Army there is no match for Cornwallis, 
and if he pushes suddenly he will ruin Gen.' Green, who 
from dire necessity has been obliged to conduct himself 
by Detachments one of which being ruined the whole will 
probably be involved in the Fortune ; But if he had the 
6000 he wants he could not feed them together. As to 
the King of England's Speech it may be construed for 
War or Peace ; for, the only Thing that can be gathered 
from it is that he thinks he has got a Parliament abso- 
lutely devoted to his Will. It is that which gives him 
more than ordinary Satisfaction. 

Our Prospects as to Money do not brighten, you may 
be assured that 115 were yesterday given for 1 and this 
at a Time when every Body complains of the Want of 
old Bills. I think much of this Harm arises from the 
Tender Acts of this State. It is supposed that the next 
publication of Exchange will be at 100. This is the 
Story propagated as the foundation of demanding upwards 
of 100 for 1. But, why should I say any Thing on this 



227 

Head you well know the People here and their vile Prac- 
tices. 

I am aflectionately Yours J. L. 
(Directed) Honorable Samuel Holtcn Esq/ 

Expr. M/ Brown Boston. 

(Endorsed) Hon.' M."^ Lovell's letter, Feb.^ 8, 1781. 

March 23, 1781. 
Dear Sir 

I am to acknowledge your kind attentions of Feb. 
10 and March 1.^' I hoped to be able to give you a 
better account of Cornwallis than you have of Arnold : 
But we must wait some Days longer before we can judge 
whether he will fail in his Retreat. As to Arnold He is 
yet too safe. I shall have opportunity of writing again 
next Thursday and will forward any Intelligence that may 
happen to arrive before that Time, I wish you had been 
a little more diffuse as to the Calculation of Interest at 
y.'' Treasury Office. I do not well comprehend your Hint 
in your Postscript. I will give you on the next page the 
Result of that Appointment of a Com.**^^ of which you 
was one April 10. It is only giving Good Words to some 
of the Staff. 

You will find that we got very happily through a Re- 
solve respecting Allen's Department at the Eastward. 
The Resolve has been transmitted. 

Y J Friend and affectionate humb. Serv.* 

James Lovell. 
Hon.^'<^ Doctor Holten. 

The Resolve was reconsidered and recommitted. I 
therefore tear it off. 

(Endorsed) A letter from the Honble M."" Lovell, 

March 23, 1781. 



March 27. ^^^ 1781. 
Dear Sir 

I yesterday received your Favor of the 15."', as I 
did also some Letters from M.*' Carmichael throu<j:h M.' 



228 

Gerry's Care ; But still I have none from M/ Jay, which 
is very mysterious. 

I am rejoiced to fiucl the Spirit of our State so high in 
the common Cause notwithstand.^ all its particular Bur- 
thens. 

You will know the Conduct of the french Fleet off the 
Capes of Virginia before this reaches you ; but you are 
now also to hear that Green has lost a Battle. The french 
were under an absolute necessity of fighting, they w^ould 
otherwise have sacrificed a little Glory to the main pur- 
pose of their sailing from Newport. They behaved most 
gallantly. We have only to lament their and our Disap- 
pointment by a Fog first and afterwards by a Want of 
Swiftness in 5 of their Ships which obliged the 3 fast 
Sailers to tarry for them and risque the Battle. You will 
have your wish as to Bermuda. All saving Clauses of 
former Resolves respecting that Island, and respecting 
Settlers and the Importers of Arms &c. will be repealed 
unless so far as that the Repeal sh."" not condemn Vessels 
now in port or Bermudians with Salt only arriving before 
the 1.®* of May. You will not publish my Communica- 
tions unless I send the Acts of Congress. I hope you 
will see that the unparallelled Distress of Congress in 
Money Matters leaves no Remedy but calling upon such 
States as are able to fiu-nish enough for our Necessities 
without afiecting the true Quota which individual States 
ought to pay upon the confederal Principles. 

I wish you Happiness being sincerely and with Esteem 
Your Friend and humb. Serv.* J. L. 

(Endorsed) A letter from the Honble. M.*" Lovell 

March 27.'M781. 



Apr. 24, 1781. 
Dear Sir 

I am to thank you for your Favor of the 12.*'' and 
can only make Return at this Time by inclosing Gazettes 
which I hope you will shoAV to M.'' Gerry before you send 
them to the Nav}- Board as usual to be forwarded. He 
will in return let you know how little we know from 



229 

Europe. Some very particiiliir Eiigngemciits public & 
private prevent my enlarging further than to add affec- 
tionate and respectful assurances of being 

Yours J. L. 

(Endorsed) A letter from M.*" Lovell Apr.^ 24.'" 1781. 



April 17, 1781. 
Dear Sir 

I have this day rec.*' your Favor of March 29."' 
and am as l)arren of news as you were at that date. The 
Post is become useless for Politicians to a very great 
Degree but I cannot refrain from giving you a Return 
made to Gen.' Washington on the I."' of April and by 
him forwarded to Congress. 

Recruits, April 1, 1781. 

joined unfit retained 

none. 



N. H. 








Mass. 


59 


5 


54 


R. I. 


125 


— 


125 


C. 


270 


35 


235 




454 


40 


414 



after the Return. 

N. Yk: 67 67 

Cornwallis has retreated quite out of Green's Reach, 
The Time of the Virg." militia being expired our army is 
weak. There were the greatest marks of Distress left 
by the British. Their Dead were buried by our People. 
You were in Congress at an ea,sy happy Period of Busi- 
ness tho' you did not know it, nor did 1 then guess it. 

Yours affectionately J. L. 
(Directed) Hon."'^ Samuel Holten 

Philad.'* Boston 

Ja.^ Lovell. 
(Endorsed) A letter from the Hon.' Mr. Lovell, Ap.' 
17."' 1781. 

[Rec.*^] May 6, 16. Ans.'' y.« 7.*^ May. 



230 

May 8, 1781. 
Dear Sir 

I 3'esterclay reo.^ y/ favor of April 26.*'' I am 
glad to hear from you that the Massa ; Troops are coming 
on in hirge numbers. Indeed Doctor the States in most 
Credit in Compliance with the Requisitions of Congress 
are very very backward and the affairs of the Continent 
are consequently in a most alarming Situation. I scratched 
a Letter and would not trust it to the Post. Perhaps I 
shall send it b}^ M."" Payne who goes tomorrow. 

I inclose a Paper which will show something of the 
Shock of the old Continental Currency. 

If the Weather is fair Tomorrow I think I shall be able 
to net up to the State House. 

Your Friend & h. S.* 

James Lovell. 
Hon. Mr. Plolten. 



May 8, 1781. 
Dear Sir 

Yorir Favor of the 26. of April reached me 3'es- 
terday. Your Troops are coming on "in large numbers." 
The General informs you that Tents &c. will be much 
wanted ; and the Court will make their "usual Exertions." 
Indeed Doctor I am peisuaded that in a comparative 
View Massachusetts will appear to have been among the 
most vigorous States ; but we are at this moment in the 
most disgraceful and hazardous Situation from the Back- 
wardness of every individual State. Foreign Troops are 
to garison West Point because foreign Troops can feed 
themselves, and are paid. Our Quar."" Mast."^ gen.' has 
been obliged to sell some of his provision to enable him- 
self to transjjort the rest to a Skeliton of an Army in 
Want of the very Pounds of meat or Flour which he has 
been forced to part with. If 3'ou know of a Compliance 
with one liequisition of Congress, in Time (0 Quantity, 
do let me have it that I ma}' show it to the Delegates of 
the 12 States who cannot produce a single Instance. 

We are in an Uproar here about the Monc}'. Sailors 



231 

with Clul)s parade the Streets instead of working for 
Paper. The Beer houses demand hard for a Pot of 
Drink ; and all this because the Council have published 
that the difference between Silver .and old Continental 
was 174, the latter having been sold 180 & 200 for one 
several Days. Did Massachusetts sink its Quota by the 
1®* of April? Some States had not then begun to sink a 
Shilling. 

You say M."" Partridge and M.*" Osgood are coming on : 
I ask with what money in their Pockets? That of our 
State is not counted money here. The old continental is 
dying by Yards not Inches. And if my Friends purchase 
Gold with their State money, They become Speculators, 
say all the Villains who have created the Necessity. Are 
you not aware of the Perdition that awaits my Family 
while the Paper System goes on. I take a Thousand 
Dollars here whether in old or 5 & f State I draw for 
1000 or 25 State. I lose the Interest on the 25 as I have 
twice or thrice done on 250 and I pay above 1500 for 
patching my Coat, &c. 



May 9."' 1781. 
My dear Sir 

I had begun to write to you, to go by Post 
yesterda}', but fell upon a Topic not fit to be trusted in 
that way, and therefore covered you a news Paper under 
a few Words of Intelligence. I had a private Occasion 
to write afterwards to M.'" Gerry somewhat largely about 
money, and therefore do not add any Thing to the in- 
closed Scrawl, persuaded that he will converse with you 
respecting my Letter and the Position of j^our Delegates 
here. But I must not refrain from adding that their pri- 
vate Embarrassments arc but a small Clue towards ex- 
plaining their public. Congress without their money 
Presses, depending on the punctual Supplies of the States 
are, at this critical Period of the Campaign, as a Set of 
Clockmakers from whom an Orrery or Microcosm is ex- 
pected tho' their Hands are evidently struck with the dead 
Palsy. 

I shall trouble you not again with any private Concerns. 



232 

If I can hobble up Street I will endeavor to make the 
Backwardness of the Printer of the Journals less & less 
a Disadvantage by giving you often manuscript Heads of 
what you ought to know. 

Affect. '>' & with Esteem 
Hon. Mr. Ilolten. Y.""^ J. L. 

(Directed) Hon.'^'« Samuel Holten Esq. 
Philad.=* Boston. 

Jas. Lovell. 
(Endorsed) Three Letters from Mr. Lovell ye 8 & 9 
of May 178L Ans.'' May 24."' ' 



May 22.^ 
D. Sir 

I am to thank you for your Favor of the 7."' The 
Militia at the Southward have behaved very ill at Times 
and most gallantly also in Turn ; and Gov."" Jefferson 
saj'S they have had their Triumph in seing picked british 
Regulars run like Sheep before very inferior Numbers of 
our Men. 

I have already mentioned to M.*" Adams his Namesakes 
Plan of a Loan in Holland and our Receipt of a most 
cordial Letter from the King of France upon the Repre- 
sentation of our Finances last November. We have not 
yet the Detail of his friendly Intentions. They are com- 
municated in Cyphers. 

I think Cornwallis will certainl}^ join Phillips but I 
hope G.^ Green will succeed at Campden. 

Y.'" Friend & humble Serv.' 

James Lovell. 
Ilon.'^'^ Doct.'- Holten. 

(Directed) Hon.""= Samuel Holten 
Philad.'* A Counsellor of Massachusetts 

Ja.^ Lovell. Boston. 

(P^ndorsed) A letter from the Ilon.^ M."" Lovell, May 
22." 178L 

rec." June 20."' Ans." — 2L 



233 

May 29, 81. 
D/ Sir 

I have yJ Favor of the 17."^ doubly and trebly 
agreeable as it proved your own Health Mr. Gerry's and 
his success. I had really fixed him to a sick Bed. 

You will be anxious about our Intelligence from Eu- 
rope. We have much but I am too greatly overcome by 
the Heat, to sweat over the Consideration of what I ought 
to communicate to be consistent with an Obligation to 
Secresy imposed at this Time with a propriety not always 
connected with that Injunction in our continental Assem- 
bly. However, I may tell you that your own Printers 
have given you quite enough to show you that the Wheel 
of Time will not afford you another such six months as 
the Coming. Political Glory or Infamy of a lasting Kind 
is most assuredly depending on them, more especially on 
the two first of them, in which there must be an almost 
universal Change of Manners. Every Requisition already 
made must be fully complied with, and even more must 
be in forwardness. Let not the former Calls of 07ice for 
all make us callous on this Occasion. The Execrations 
of Posterity will fall more justly perhaps on the Inatten- 
tion & Negligence of the States distant from the imme- 
diate Carnage of the War than upon the Despondency 
and Cowardwice of those in which it centers should we 
finally be disgraced by a Combination of all those Cir- 
cumstances. 

Y.' Anxious Fr.*^ 

J. L. 

Oh this stagnated Air of Philad.^ I cannot write to 
M."" Adams am happy to hear he is well at home. 

(Endorsed) M.' Lovell's letter May 29."> 1781. 



Among the papers of Dr. Holyoke is the following bill 
against the Colony for professional services. It was 
written by him on very coarse brown wrapping paper, 
and is without any signature. It would appear by his 

16 



234 

books of account, which are in the possession of the 
Institute, that the bill, of which this was probably a 
duplicate, was not paid except the last five items. 



The Colony of the M. Bay to E. A. Holyoke 

To Surgery, to sundry medicines administer.*^ & 
dance on sundry Persons, as follows Viz.*^ 

1775 Nath.' Cleaves of Beverley wouuded in Lexing- 

ton Battle. 
Apr.' 20."» To amputating his finger, sutures &c. 8_ ) 
to May 24."' To 5 Dressings D." 4_ 3 

Apr. 20."" A Regular Soldier (a Prisoner) wounded in Lex- 
ington Battle. 
To Dressing his Leg & Jour, to Danvei's 3_ 

•• 20."" Dennis Wallis, wounded in Lexington Battle. 
To Dressing his Thigh & a Journey 3_ 

The' Manning of Col.° Mansfield's Reg.' (Pleu- 
ritic) 
May 23.'! To phlebot.5'2_8 To 10 Visits 13_4 ) 

to 30."" To sundry med." G_2 at 6 several times ) 

Edw.'^ ^5 Rogers of Col.° Little's Reg.' (Pleuritic) 

June 15.* To phlehot.^ 2_8 To 9 Journeys & Visits to ^ 

Danvers 18__ > 

to 24."* To med." at 7 several times 3_10 ) 

Cap." Ebeu.' Winship of Col." Mansfield's (Pleu- 
ritic) 
June 22.* To phlebot.^ 2_8 To 19 visits 25_4 
to July le."" To med.' at 14 several times 11_ 

Pike of Col.° Little's Reg.' Pleuritic. 
June 23."^ To phlebot. 1_4 To 2 Journeys 4_ 
To med." _4 

Eben.' Kenney of Mansfield's. Cholic. 
July 2* To 2 Visits & Journeys 4_ 

4"' To med." at twice 1_10 

Jn.° Rice of Col.° Mansfield's. Pleuritic. 
July 1. To visit 1_4 To med.' 1_ 

Thomas Williams of Col .° Mansfield's 
Aug. 17 To visit 1_4 Med.' _8 

Math[ews] Jackson of Col." Mansfield's (Pleu- 
ritic) 
Sept. 10."> To 4 visits 5_4 ) 

To 13."' To med.' at 3 times 1_10 5 



atten- 



12_ 



i_ 2_ 2 
i_ 4_ 6 

1_19_ 

5_ 8 

5_10 
2_ 4 

7_ 2 



23 Edmund of Xewburj-poit in Dr. Ilolyoke's ledger. 



235 

1775 Bro.' forward 

John Preston of Col. Mansfield's (Rheumatic) 
Oct. 13* To 8 visits 10_8 ) 15 jq 

To 30 To med.' at 7 times 5_2 ) 

Isaac Taylor of Col. Mansfield's 
Oct. 14 To 2 visits 2._8 > , iq 

To 16 To med.^ at 3 times 2_2 3 

David Newhall of Col.° Mansfield's 

May 26 To 2 visits 2_8 > o . "l 

29 To med.' _8 5 | 

Sep."^ 7 To Dressing his scalded feet 4 times & L 4 i o « 

cerates 5_4 [ ~ "~~ 
Oct. 10 To Amputating his Arm 40—^^ 

To Nov. 20 To 30 Dressings 40_ & med.' 4_ £4_4j 

Wa[tts] of (Dysentery) 

Nov. 9 To 6 visits 8_ ) , j3 

To med.' at 5 several times 5_ ) ~~ 

Burrows 
Nov. 16 To visit 1_ 4 To med.^ 1_ 2_ 4 

Jn." Marble soldier on board Cap." Adams 
Dec. 17 To phlebot. 1_4 To med.' _8 > „ , 

18 visit 1_4 5 — 

Ralph Taylor a captive (carpent." of j." store 
ship) [ ] 

Dec. 28 To 8 visits 10_8 ) per order of 

to Jan. H To med.' at 6 several times 3_2 5 M.' Felt 



13_10 



1776 Jn." Sinclair .(captive) of y" orduauc stor Brig.' [ ] 

J&nJ 3 To phlebot. 1_4 ) „ . 

i To visit 1_4 med.' -8 5 

Joshua Bickford soldier in Col.° Mansfield's 
(Fever) 
Aug. 29 To phlebot.y 2_8 To 11 visits 14_8 

to Sep." 15 To med.' at 8 several times 4_8 

Picliworth of Col." Mansfield's (Pleuropneu- 
monia) 
Aug. 17 To plebot 1_4 To 6 visits 8_ 

22 To med.' at 6 times 3_2 



12_ 



£15_10_ 4 
(Endorsed) AcC ag.' Colony of Massachusetts Bay. 



The following minutes, made at the time, refer to some 
of the events of the revolution. 

Dr. Holyoke has these entries in his almanac : 

1774, August 10, Delegates from Boston set out for Philadelphia. 
" " 13, The 59."' Regiment landed at Salem. 

26 Lost in defending a Privateer of a Ship of War. 



236 

1774, Sept. 10, The 59."' Regiment marched from Salem for Boston. 

1775, June 17, Battle at Charlestown. Charlestown burned. 
" " 10, Great numbers removed from this town. 

1770, July 13, Declaration of Independence published. 

Dr. Holyoke's wife writes to her uncle, Jonathan 

Simpson : 

1780, Feb. 27, We are put to the greatest difficulty to provide for 
our farailjs even the common necessaries of Provision & Clothing. 
Wood has been frequently sold at one hundred pounds L. M. per cord 
& the lowest ^GO & other things in the same proportion, so that it is 
almost impossible to live. * * * We are obliged to wear now what 
we should have been ashamed to have given away. 

In the diary of John Mascarene, then the Collector at 
the Port of Salem, are the following entries : 

1775, April 19, Hostilities begun between the King's Troops & our 
people. 

1775, April 28, Capt. John Derby sailed for London with an account 
of the battle on the 19.* 

1775, June 17, A fight in Charlestown & the town burned by the 
the King's troops. 

1775, June 18, A melancholy sabbath. No public worship. The 
country in confusion. 

1775, July 18, Boston town meetiug at Concord. Capt. Derby ar- 
rived from England. 

1775, Oct. 12, Gen.' Lee came to town, viewed the Companies. 

In a memorandum-book of preachers and texts Jona- 
than Gardner of Salem occasionally refers to public 
affairs. 

1775, April 23, No meeting on account of the grate surprise the 
people were in, and fearing that Ships of War should come in to 
Salem and Distroy the town. It was allso expected a seasure of Pro- 
visions so that there was from three to four hundred teams in for 
Pi'ovisious & Goods, which made grate Confusion. 

1775, June 18, No meeting by Reason of a battle at Charlestown 
last night by the Regular troops and the Provincials, wherein fifteen 
hundred of the former was slain & wounded, only about one hundred 
of the latter, which was a Miracle. 

1776, March 18, This day the Regular troops Imbarked from Boston 
hall.'' down to Nantasket & part saild 25 & the remainder saild 27 day. 



INDEX OF NAMES. 



Abbot, Colonel, 203. 
Abbot, Samuel, 202. 
Abercrombie, Colonel, 213. 
Adams, Samne), 175, 209. 
Adams, Mr., 221, 222, 232, 233. 
Adams, Mrs., 223. 
Adams, Mr. J., 223, 225. 
Adams, Capt., 235. 
Alford, Madam, 184. 

Allen, , 225, 227. 

Amory, , 161, 173, 198, 199, 202,203. 

Amory, John, 170, 199. 

Amory & Rogers, 198. 

Amory & Co., 199. 

Andrews, Benjamin, 169. 

Appleton, Nathaniel, 159-162, 166-171, 

173, 184, 185, 188, 191, 193-199, 202- 

206, 210. 
Appleton, Mrs., 198. 
Appleton, George Washington, 198, 

203. 
Appleton, Rev. Nathaniel, 160, 166. 
Appleton, John, 160, 106, 210. 
Appleton, Mr., 218. 
Appleton, Margaret, 160. 
Arnold, Benedict, 218, 227. 

Ashton, , 213. 

Austin, Mr., 156. 
Avery, Mr., 218, 219. 

Balch, , 173, 176, 180. 

Baldwin, , 160. 

Barrel!, Joseph, 176. 
Barry, Capt., 215. 
Bickford, Joshua, 235. 
Bowdin, James, 209. 
Bowdoin, Mr., 161. 
Bowdoin's Feri-y, Va., 160. 

Bowen, , 176. 

Boylston, T , 199. 

Boynton, Deacon, 169, 196, 197, 201. 
Bradstreet, Simon, 156. 

17 



Brattle, Catherine, 160. 
Brattle, Mr., 208. 
Brazer, Rev. Jolm, 206. 
Bridge, Colonel, 212, 213. 

Brimmer, , 164, 196. 

Brimmer, Martin, 180. 
Brimmer, Andrew, 182. 

Bromfleld, , 165. 

Brown, Capt., 169, 170. 

Brown, , 205. 

Brown, Mr., 227. 
Bruce, Capt., 167. 
Burke, Capt., 218. 
Burnham, Mr., 205. 

Burrows, , 235. 

Butler's Row, 188. 

Cabot, Mr., 210. 
Calef, Capt., 208. 
Callahan, Capt., 164, 176. 

Campbel, ., 219. 

Carmichael, Mr., 227. 
Carter, Master, 200. 
Cheever, Joshua, 193. 

Clark, , 179. 

Cleaves, Nathaniel, 234. 
Coffin, Capt., 176. 
Coffin, John, 209. 
Coffin, Capt. Richard, 210. 
CoUings, Capt., 170. 

Constable, , 184. 

Cooms, John, 174. 
Cooms, William, 174. 

Cornwallis, , 226, 227, 229, 233. 

Crowninshield, Mrs., 210. 
Curwen, Mr., 168. 
Curwen, Mrs., 214. 

Dana, Mr., 22.5. 
Darby (See Derby). 

Dashwood, ■, 202. 

Davis, Benjamin, 179. 

(237) 



238 



Davis, ■William. 209. 
Davis, Mr., 210, 211. 
Davis, Capt., 210. 
Derby, Capt., 195, 236. 

Derby, , 213. 

Derby, Capt. John. 236. 
Dockwood, Mrs., 170. 

Dodge, , 213. 

Dove, Mr., 189, 194. 

Drake's Old Landmarks, 167. 

Drake's Diet, of Am. Biography, 195. 

Duffield, Dr.. 226. 

Duncan, Major, 213. 

Dunlap, , 224. 

Dupuis & Co., 197, 199. 
Dwight, Mrs., 160. 

Edes, Peter, 191. 

Edwards, T , 179. 

Ellis' Life of Count Rumford, 166. 
Emery, Mrs., 163. 
Erving, Capt., 170, 199. 
Erving, George, 183, 195. 

Fellows, Israel, 206. 
Felt, Mr., 235. 
Fitch, Mrs., 208. 

Folger, , 207. 

Folger, Capt., 208. 

Folsom, , 163. 

Foul, , 176. 

Franklin, Dr., 183. 

Freeman, Capt., 166. 

French, Mr., 191, 204. 

Frothingham's Siege o-f Boston, 154, 

155. 
Fry, , 204. 

Gage, General, 154, 157, 167, 171, 173, 
176, 177, 178, 180, 195, 208, 209. 

Gallison, , 176. 

Gardner, Colonel, 212. 

Gardner, Dr., 172, ISO, 188. 

Gardner, Jonathan, 236. 

Gardner, ., 188, 213. 

Gates, General, 215. 220. 

Gerry, Mr. [Elbridge], 217, 223, 224, 
225, 228, 231, 233. 

Gibbs, Mrs., 210. 

Glover, Peter, 207. 

Glover, Polly, 209. 

Goodale, Mrs., 208. 

Gray, Ellis, 199. 

Gray, Edward, 199. 



Gray, John, 202. 

Green, Joseph, 176. 

Green, Joseph, Jr., 176. 

Green, General, 219, 226, 228, 229, 232. 

Greenleaf, Mr., 157. 

Gridley, Mr. S., 223. 

Guilson, Dr., 208. 

Hall, Mr., 170. 

Hallowell, , 175. 

Hammond, Capt., 165. 
Hancock, John, 175, 209, 223. 
Harris, William, 181, 193. 

Harrison, , 170. 

Haven, 170. 

Hayley & Hopkins, 169, 203. 

Hayley, G , 170. 

Hayley, George. 199. 

Hazard, , 217. 

Henderson, . 167. 

Hewes, Mr., 168, 190. 
Hewes, Jinny, 108. 
Heyley (see Hayley). 
Higginson, Mrs., 209. 
Higginson, TMrs. Hitty, 210. 
Hill, Harry, 173. 
Hill, Al[onzo]. 194. 
Hodgdon, Mr., 202. 

Holbrook, , 200. 

Holten, Samuel, 214, 215, 217, 219, 223, 

224, 226, 227, 229, 230, 232. 
Holyoke, Dr. Edward A., 206, 209, 233, 

234, 235, 236. 
Holyoke, Mis., 206, 236. 
Hood, Capt., 167. 
Hooper, " King," 176. 
Hooper, Mr., 211. 

Hopkins, ,169,203. 

Hovey, Mrs.. 183. 

Howe, Sir William, 153, 200, 203. 

Hughes, Samuel, 161. 

Hughes, Mr., 183. 

Hunt, John, 200. 

Hunt, Mrs., 160. 

Hunt, , 195. 

Hurd, 179. 

Hussoy, , 207. 

Hutchinson, Gov. Thomas, 175. 

Jackson, Jonathan, 1.55, 1.56, 159, 160, 
161, 163, 164, 170, 177, ISO, 181, 182, 
ia5. 186. 192, 194, 204. 

Jackson, jSIary, 156. 

Jackson. Edward, 156, 162. 



239 



Jactson, Dorothy (Quincy), 156, 159. 
Jackson, Mrs. Hannah, 163, 164. 
Jackson, Math[ews], 234. 
Jay, Mr., 224, 228. 
Jefferson, Gov., 219, 232. 

Jeffries, , 185. 

Jeffries, Dr., 200. 
Jinkins, Robert, 167, 168. 
Johnson, Capt. Benjamin, 213. 
Johnston, Mrs., 210. 

Kenney, Ebenezer, 234. 
Killikelly, , 203. 

Laha, Capt., 168, 169. 

Laughton, , 180. 

Laurens, Mr., 224. 

Leach, John, 191. 

Lee, General, 236. 

Lewis, , 176. 

Lincoln, Mrs. Hannah, 158, 159. 

Little, Col., 234. 

Lloyd, Mr., 168. 

Loring's Hundred Boston Orators, 167. 

Lovell, James, 166, 171, 172, 174, 176, 
177, 180, 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 188- 
191, 194, 195, 196, 201, 214-220, 222, 
223, 224, 226-230, 232, 233. 

Lovell, Mrs., 167, 171, 180, 214, 219. 

Lowell, Mrs., 165, 210. 

Lowell, Mr., 202, 204. 

Lyde, Capt., 164, 175. 

Lynch & Marony, 199. 

Lynch, Killikelly & Marony, 203. 

Manduit, , 175. 

Manning, Thomas, 234. 
Mansfield, Col., 234, 235. 
Marble, John, 2.35. 

Marony, , 199, 203. 

Marshall, Colonel, 156, 181, 183. 

Marston, , 176. 

Mascarene, Mr., 210. 
Mascarcne, John, 236. 
McClarra, Major, 213. 
Mines, Mr., 183. 
Morgan, Brigadier, 226. 
Morris, Dr., 185, 190, 200. 

Nash, General, 215. 

Nelson, , 220. 

Newell, Deacon, 156. 
Newhall, David, 235. 
NicoU, John, 167, 170, 184, 192, 194. 



North, Lord, 175. 

Noyes, , 165. 

Nutting, , 205. 

Nutting, Mr., 208. 

Oliver, Sarah, 156. 
Orne, Mrs., 208. 
Osgood, Mr., 231. 
Otis, Mr., 225, 226. 

Parker, , 205. 

Partridge, Mr., 219, 231. 

Payne, Mr., 230. 

Peck, John, 180. 

Phillips, Mrs. Margaret, 159, 162, 170, 

176, 181, 191, 193, 195, 197. 
Phillips, William, 159. 
Phillips, John, 159. 
Phillips, Samuel, 204. 
Phillips, Mr., 204. 

Phillips, , 232. 

Pickering, Col. [Timothy], 216, 217. 

Pickmau, , 213. 

Pickworth, , 235. 

Pierson, Dr., 200. 

Pike, , 234. 

Pitcaii-n, Major, 213. 

Pitts, John, 1.56, 158. 

Porter, Colonel, 160. 

Porter, Mr., 209. 

Prentiss, Henry, ia5, 166, 174, 177, 178, 

179, 181, 182, 184, 188, 193. 
Prentiss, Rev. Joshua, 166. 
Prentiss, Mrs. Margaret, 166. 
Preston, John, 235. 
Prince, Dr., 209. 
Procter, Capt., 202. 
Putnam, Mrs. Mary C, 214. 
Putnam, Philemon, 214. 
Pynchon, Mr., 207. 
Pynchon, Mrs., 208. 
Pynchon, Mrs. Caty, 209. 
Pynchon, Miss Sally, 208, 213. 
Pynchon, Miss Caty, 213. 

Quincy, President, 156. 
Quincy, Hannah, 1.59. 
Quincy, Josiah, 159, 164, 174, 175. 
Quincy, Dorothy, 156, 159. 

Rice, John, 234. 
Rivington, Jemmy, 224. 
Robie, Mr., 209. 
Robinson, General, 196. 



240 



Eobson, , 109. 

Kogers, , 170, 198. 

Eogers, Edward, 23-t. 
Ropes, Judge, 209. 
Rowlandsou, " Mother," 191. 
Kumford, Count, 166. 

Rush, , 220. 

Russell, Mr., 167, 168, 171, 183. 
Ruthy, Mrs., 166. 

Saltonstall, , 200. 

Sargent, Mrs., 210. 
Scollay, John, 156, 157. 
Scollay, Mr., 196. 
Searl, Mr., 199. 

Sharper, , 175. 

Sheldon, Jerry, 216. 

Sheldon, , 218. 

Shenstone, , 220. 

Sherburn, , 200. 

Shippen, , 220. 

Simpson, Jonathan, 207, 236. 

Simpson, , 209. 

Sinclair, John, 235. 

Smith, , 190. 

Steuben, Baron, 219. 
Stevens, Mrs., 184. 
Stowers, Mr., 193. 
Symmes, , 179. 

Taylor, Isaac, 235. 
Taylor, Ralph, 235. 
Thompson, Benjamin, 166, 

Toppan, , 195. 

Tracy, John, 165. 

Tracy, , 194, 195. 

Triscott, Mr., 175, 176. 
Trumbull, Joseph, 174, 188. 
Tufts, Simon, 165, 166. 
Tufts, Dr. Simon, 165. 

Upham, Timothy, 193. 



Upham, Jabez, 193. 
Upham, Charles W., 193. 

Van Emburgh, John, 202, 203. 

Vassal, , 207, 209. 

Viall, Capt. Nathaniel, 207. 

Voax, , 174, 183, 185. 

Voax, Thomas, 189, 196. 
Voulks (See Voax). 

Walley, Mr., 175. 
Wallis, Dennis, 234. 
Ward, General, 219, 222. 
Warren, Dr., 192, 212, 213. 
Washington, General, 158, 195, 198, 229. 

Watts, , 235. 

Wemyss, , 220. 

Wendell, Oliver, 155, 156, 159, 160, 163, 

166-172, 174, 177, 178, 180, 181, 184, 

185, 188, 192-199, 202-206. 
Wendell, Jacob, 156, 165. 
Wendell, Mrs. Mary, 156, 158, 159, 162, 

165, 171, 177, ISO, 181, 182, 193, 202. 
Wendell, Catherine (Brattle), 160. 
Wendell, John Mico, 160. 
Wentworth, Mr., 170. 
Whetmore, Mr., 207, 209, 213. 

White, , 176. 

White, Mr., 183. 
Whitwell, Dr., 223. 
Williams, Mr., 192. 
Williams, Capt. George, 202. 
Williams, Mrs., 208. 

Williams, , 211. 

Williams, Capt., 213. 
Williams, Colonel, 213. 
Williams, Thomas, 234. 
Winship, Capt. Ebenezer, 234. 
Woart's Tavern, 182. 
Worthington, Colonel, 160. 



Young, . 



167. 



LETTEES 



WRITTEN AT THE TIME OF THE 



OCCUPATION OF BOSTON 



BlilTISH, 1775-6. 



COMMUNICATED 1?Y WM. P. UFHAM. 



[From the Historical Collections of the Essex Institute, Vol. xiii, July, 1S76.] 



SALEM, MASS. 

SALEM PRESS, CORNER LIBERTY AND DERBY STS. 

1876. 



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